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Skanda Purana — Nagara Khanda, Shloka 20

Devanagari script

समानजातिसंभूता पत्नी यस्य धृता भवेत् । पूर्वो भर्त्ताऽर्द्धभागी स्याद्द्वितीयस्य न किंचन

Transliteration

samānajātisaṃbhūtā patnī yasya dhṛtā bhavet | pūrvo bharttā'rddhabhāgī syāddvitīyasya na kiṃcana

Translation

Wenn ein Mann eine Frau zur Gattin nimmt, die aus derselben sozialen Klasse (Varṇa) geboren ist, dann hat der frühere Ehemann Anspruch auf die Hälfte (des Anteils an Verdienst/Rechten), der spätere jedoch erhält gar nichts.

Word by Word
समानजातिसंभूताborn of the same caste
समानजातिसंभूता:
Karta (Subject qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसमान-जाति-संभूत (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन — क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (संभूत = सम्+भू+क्त): ‘born of the same caste’; समासः समान+जाति (कर्मधारय) + संभूत (तत्पुरुष)
पत्नीwife
पत्नी:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपत्नी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन — ‘wife’
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी (6th/Genitive); एकवचन — ‘of whom/whose’
धृताaccepted/kept
धृता:
Karta (Predicate of subject/कर्तृ-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootधृ (धातु) → धृत (कृदन्त; क्त)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन — क्त-प्रत्ययान्त: ‘held/accepted (as wife)’ (predicate/qualifier of पत्नी)
भवेत्should be
भवेत्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative); प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person); एकवचन — ‘should be/would be’
पूर्वःthe former/first
पूर्वः:
Karta (Subject qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन — ‘former/first’ (qualifying भर्ता)
भर्ताhusband
भर्ता:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootभर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन — ‘husband’
अर्द्धभागीentitled to half (share)
अर्द्धभागी:
Karta (Predicate of subject/कर्तृ-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्द्ध-भागिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा (1st/Nominative); एकवचन — ‘half-share-holder’; समासः अर्द्ध+भागिन् (तत्पुरुष)
स्यात्should be
स्यात्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative); प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person); एकवचन — ‘should be’
द्वितीयस्यof the second
द्वितीयस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootद्वितीय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी (6th/Genitive); एकवचन — ‘of the second (husband)’
नnot
न:
Sambandha (Negation/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)
किंचनanything (at all)
किंचन:
Karman (Predicate object/कर्म-भाव)
TypeNoun
Rootकिंचन (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd); एकवचन — ‘anything at all’ (here: predicate nominative/accusative sense ‘nothing’)
Speaker

Skanda (deduced: Nāgarakhaṇḍa Tīrthamāhātmya narrative voice)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: dvija (addressed)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A didactic scene: a learned brāhmaṇa instructs householders on marriage norms; two symbolic male figures represent ‘former’ and ‘later’ husband, with a balance-scale motif indicating ‘half-share’ vs ‘none’.

FAQs

Household relationships are treated as dharmic partnerships where prior bonds can affect the distribution of merit and entitlement.

This verse is within a Tīrthamāhātmya chapter of the Nāgarakhaṇḍa, but no specific tīrtha name appears in this single śloka.

No specific rite (snāna, dāna, japa) is prescribed here; it states a rule about entitlement/share connected to marital dharma.

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