शुक उवाच । संस्कारैराप्यते मुक्तिर्यदि कर्म शुभं विना । पाखंडिनोऽपि यास्यंति तन्मुक्तिं व्रतधारिणः
śuka uvāca | saṃskārairāpyate muktiryadi karma śubhaṃ vinā | pākhaṃḍino'pi yāsyaṃti tanmuktiṃ vratadhāriṇaḥ
Śuka sprach: „Wenn Befreiung (Mukti) allein durch Saṃskāras, ohne rechtes Handeln, erlangt werden könnte, dann würden selbst Heuchler jene Befreiung erreichen, bloß indem sie äußere Gelübde auf sich nehmen.“
Śuka
Listener: Vyāsa
Scene: Śuka speaks sharply yet calmly, as if exposing a logical flaw: a contrast vignette may show a hypocrite with ostentatious vows in the background, while Śuka points to the heart (inner conduct).
External rites and vows are insufficient without inner and ethical righteousness (śubha karma).
No tīrtha is specified; the verse teaches discernment about liberation within the broader pilgrimage-literature setting.
It implicitly critiques relying only on saṃskāras and outward vratas, stressing the necessity of righteous conduct.