Skanda Purana — Mahesvara Khanda, Shloka 22

Devanagari script

वर्षांतेन व्रतेनैव परितुष्टो जनार्दनः । प्रादुर्बभूव द्वादश्यां श्रवणेन तदा द्विजाः

Transliteration

varṣāṃtena vratenaiva parituṣṭo janārdanaḥ | prādurbabhūva dvādaśyāṃ śravaṇena tadā dvijāḥ

Translation

Erfreut über jenes Gelübde, das am Jahresende vollendet war, offenbarte sich Janārdana. Am Dvādaśī, als das Nakṣatra Śravaṇa vorherrschte—o Zweimalgeborene—erschien Er damals.

Word by Word

• वर्षान्तेन: by the end of the year
• वर्षान्तेन: Karaṇa (Means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ष + अन्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (वर्षस्य अन्तः) (Instrumental singular)

• व्रतेन: by the vow
• व्रतेन: Karaṇa (Means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन (Instrumental singular)

• एव: indeed/just
• एव: Sambandha (Emphatic particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण (emphasis: only/indeed)

• परितुष्टः: fully pleased
• परितुष्टः: Viśeṣaṇa (Adjective of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परि+तुष् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त) → परितुष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying जनार्दनः)

• जनार्दनः: Janārdana (Viṣṇu)
• जनार्दनः: Karta (Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनार्दन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन (Nominative singular)

• प्रादुः: manifestly/forth
• प्रादुः: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रादुः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रियाविशेषण (forth/manifest)

• बभूव: appeared/became
• बभूव: Kriyā (Predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (परोक्षभूत/परिपूर्ण), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन (3rd sg perfect)

• द्वादश्याम्: on the twelfth (lunar day)
• द्वादश्याम्: Adhikaraṇa (Location/Time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वादशी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; सप्तमी विभक्ति, एकवचन (Locative singular)

• श्रवणेन: (under) Śravaṇa (nakṣatra)
• श्रवणेन: Karaṇa / Kāla-nimitta (Temporal marker)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रवण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया विभक्ति, एकवचन (Instrumental singular); (नक्षत्रनाम)

• तदा: then
• तदा: Kāla-adhikaraṇa (Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक (then)

• द्विजाः: O twice-born (brāhmaṇas)
• द्विजाः: Sambodhana / Karta (Addressed audience)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा विभक्ति, बहुवचन (Nominative plural); संबोधनार्थेऽपि प्रयुज्यते (often vocative sense)

Speaker

Sūta (deduced: Māheśvarakhaṇḍa narrative voice)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Kedāra (frame) / Janārdana’s epiphany (event)

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: ‘dvijāḥ’ (twice-born) explicitly addressed

Visual Art Cues

Scene: At the culmination of a year-long vow, on Dvādaśī under Śravaṇa nakṣatra, Janārdana manifests—an epiphanic moment with ritual setting, luminous presence, and astonished devotees.

Characters & Entities

• Janārdana
• Dvādaśī
• Śravaṇa (Nakṣatra)
• Dvija

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Completed vows, performed with faith and discipline, culminate in divine grace and direct darśana.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Kedārakhaṇḍa provides the sacred frame; the verse highlights the sacred time (Dvādaśī with Śravaṇa) rather than a named pilgrimage spot.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

The implied prescription is completing the year-long vrata whose fruit is Viṣṇu’s manifestation on Śravaṇa-yukta Dvādaśī.