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Skanda Purana — Brahma Khanda, Shloka 40

Devanagari script

प्रीणनं लालनं पोषं रंजनं मार्दवं दयाम् । कृत्वा वधूमुपगमेद्युवतीं प्रेमवान्पतिः । युवतौ कुसुमे चैव विधेयं सुखमिच्छता

Transliteration

prīṇanaṃ lālanaṃ poṣaṃ raṃjanaṃ mārdavaṃ dayām | kṛtvā vadhūmupagamedyuvatīṃ premavānpatiḥ | yuvatau kusume caiva vidheyaṃ sukhamicchatā

Translation

Ein liebender Gatte soll, nachdem er sie erfreut, umsorgt, genährt, entzückt und ihr Sanftmut und Mitgefühl erwiesen hat, sich dann seiner jungen Braut nähern. Wer Glück begehrt, handle an einer jungen Frau wie an einer Blume—behutsam und zart.

Word by Word
प्रीणनम्pleasing/caressing
प्रीणनम्:
Karman (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootप्री (धातु) + ल्युट् (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
Formल्युट्-प्रत्ययान्त भाववाचक-नाम (verbal noun/gerundive noun), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
लालनम्fondling/nurturing
लालनम्:
Karman (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootलल् (धातु) + ल्युट् (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
Formल्युट्-प्रत्ययान्त भाववाचक-नाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
पोषम्nourishment
पोषम्:
Karman (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपोष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
रञ्जनम्delighting/entertaining
रञ्जनम्:
Karman (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootरञ्ज् (धातु) + ल्युट् (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
Formल्युट्-प्रत्ययान्त भाववाचक-नाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
मार्दवम्gentleness
मार्दवम्:
Karman (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमार्दव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
दयाम्compassion
दयाम्:
Karman (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootदया (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
कृत्वाhaving done
कृत्वा:
Pūrvakāla (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकृ (धातु) + त्वा (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund/absolutive: having done)
वधूम्the bride/wife
वधूम्:
Karman (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवधू (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
उपगमेत्should approach
उपगमेत्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootउप + गम् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ्-लकार (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद
युवतीम्a young woman
युवतीम्:
Karman (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootयुवती (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; वधू-समाना (appositional)
प्रेमवान्loving/affectionate
प्रेमवान्:
Karta (Subject qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रेम (प्रातिपदिक) + वत् (तद्धित-प्रत्यय)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying ‘पतिः’)
पतिःhusband
पतिः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन
युवतौin/with a young woman
युवतौ:
Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootयुवति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)
कुसुमेin/with a flower (i.e., delicate one)
कुसुमे:
Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootकुसुम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)
चand
च:
Samuccaya (Coordination/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (conjunction)
एवindeed
एव:
Avadhāraṇa (Emphasis/अवधारण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formअवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle: ‘indeed/only’)
विधेयम्should be done
विधेयम्:
Kriya (Predicative/विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootवि + धा (धातु) + यत् (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
Formयत्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (gerundive: ‘to be done’), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विधेय (predicate adjective)
सुखम्happiness/pleasure
सुखम्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन
इच्छताby one desiring
इच्छता:
Karana (Agent-instrument/करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootइष् (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान-कृदन्त (present participle), पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन; कर्तृवाचक (by one who desires)
Speaker

Rājñī (the Queen, concluding instruction by context)

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: king (and by extension householders)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A husband offers ornaments/garlands, gently attending to his bride; the flower metaphor appears visually—he holds a lotus or jasmine, mirroring the delicacy with which he approaches her.

FAQs

Happiness in married life arises from tenderness, care, and compassion—never from coercion.

No tīrtha is glorified; the verse teaches gṛhastha-dharma (householder ethics).

No formal rite is prescribed; it prescribes dharmic conduct (gentleness, care) as an ethical discipline.

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