Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 19

Devanagari script

तत्र स्नात्वा च यो भक्त्या सोपवासो जितेन्द्रियः । तत्र जागरणं कुर्वन् दद्याद्दीपं प्रयत्नतः

Transliteration

tatra snātvā ca yo bhaktyā sopavāso jitendriyaḥ | tatra jāgaraṇaṃ kurvan dadyāddīpaṃ prayatnataḥ

Translation

Wer dort in Hingabe badet, fastend und die Sinne bezwingend, und an jenem Ort die Nachtwache hält, der soll auch mit Sorgfalt eine Lampe darbringen.

Word by Word

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (locative adverb: there)

• स्नात्वा: having bathed
• स्नात्वा: Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्ना (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive)

• च: and
• च: Connector (Samuccaya/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)

• यः: whoever (he who)
• यः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सम्बन्धक (relative pronoun)

• भक्त्या: with devotion
• भक्त्या: Karana (Means/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भक्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• सोपवासः: fasting
• सोपवासः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स (अव्यय/उपसर्गार्थे) + उपवास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण (उपवासयुक्तः)

• जितेन्द्रियः: one who has conquered his senses
• जितेन्द्रियः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जित (कृदन्त; √जि धातु, क्त) + इन्द्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि (जितानि इन्द्रियाणि यस्य)

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण

• जागरणम्: vigil, night-wake
• जागरणम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जागरण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• कुर्वन्: doing, performing
• कुर्वन्: Karta (Agent/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) → कुर्वत् (कृदन्त; शतृ)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमान-कृदन्त (present participle)

• दद्याद्: should give
• दद्याद्: Kriya (Injunction/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन

• दीपम्: a lamp
• दीपम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दीप (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• प्रयत्नतः: carefully, with effort
• प्रयत्नतः: Manner (Rīti/रीति)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रयत्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्यय; तसिल्-प्रत्ययान्त क्रियाविशेषण (ablatival adverb: with effort)

Speaker

Īśvara (Śiva) (continuing instructions tied to the shrine)

Tirtha Mahatmya

Tirtha: Mārkaṇḍeśvara-tīrtha

Type: kshetra

Skanda Dialogue

Listener: Uttānapāda

Visual Art Cues

Scene: Pilgrims bathe with folded hands, then sit in vigil through the night inside/near the cave shrine; rows of small lamps flicker before the liṅga, casting golden light on stone walls.

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

Devotion expressed through restraint, vigil, and offering light is presented as a complete sacred observance at a tīrtha.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

The “there” refers to the Mārkaṇḍeśvara cave-liṅga locale within Revākhaṇḍa.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

Snāna (bathing), upavāsa (fasting), indriya-jaya (sense control), jāgaraṇa (vigil), and dīpa-offering.