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Skanda Purana — Avanti Khanda, Shloka 23

प्रत्येकं वा पतन्त्येते मग्ना नरकसागरे । दुर्लभं मानुषं जन्म बहुधर्मार्जितं नृप

pratyekaṃ vā patantyete magnā narakasāgare | durlabhaṃ mānuṣaṃ janma bahudharmārjitaṃ nṛpa

O König, ein jeder von ihnen stürzt hinab, versunken im Ozean der Hölle. Die menschliche Geburt ist schwer zu erlangen und wird nur durch die Ansammlung vieler Verdienste des Dharma gewonnen.

प्रत्येकम्each one, individually
प्रत्येकम्:
Kriya-visheshaṇa (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रत्येकम् (अव्यय/नपुंसक-प्रयोगः)
Formपरिमाण/वितरण-अव्यय (distributive adverb)
वाor
वा:
Sambandha (Alternative/विकल्प)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा (अव्यय)
Formविकल्प-अव्यय (disjunctive particle)
पतन्तिfall
पतन्ति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√पत् (धातु)
Formलट् (present), परस्मैपद, प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन
एतेthese (people)
एते:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
मग्नाःsubmerged, sunk
मग्नाः:
Karta (Subject-qualifier/कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमग्न (कृदन्त, √मज्ज्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; एते इति विशेषणम्
नरकसागरेin the ocean of hell
नरकसागरे:
Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootनरक (प्रातिपदिक) + सागर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—नरकस्य सागरः (ocean of hell)
दुर्लभम्rare, hard to obtain
दुर्लभम्:
Karta (Predicate adjective/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्लभ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; जन्म इति विशेषणम्
मानुषम्human
मानुषम्:
Karta (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमानुष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; जन्म इति विशेषणम्
जन्मbirth
जन्म:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootजन्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
बहुधर्मार्जितम्earned through many righteous deeds
बहुधर्मार्जितम्:
Karta (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु (प्रातिपदिक) + धर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्जित (कृदन्त, √अर्ज्)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; जन्म इति विशेषणम्; समासः—बहुभिः धर्मैः अर्जितम् (earned by many dharmic acts)
नृपO king
नृप:
Sambodhana (Address/सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootनृप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (vocative), एकवचन

Unspecified (didactic narrator addressing a king; continuity with Yudhiṣṭhira address suggests a Mahābhārata-linked frame)

Tirtha: Revā (Narmadā) context

Type: kshetra

Listener: Yudhiṣṭhira (explicitly addressed as nṛpa)

Scene: A contemplative king listens as a sage points to an ocean-like expanse labeled ‘nāraka-sāgara’ with figures sinking; above, a radiant human form stands on a narrow bridge of dharma, symbolizing the rare chance of human birth.

FAQs

Human birth is a rare, merit-earned opportunity; wasting it through adharma leads to grave suffering.

Indirectly the Revā/Narmadā sacred landscape, since the chapter’s aim is to orient the listener toward purifying dharma and pilgrimage.

No direct ritual is prescribed; the emphasis is on valuing human life and accumulating dharma.