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Shiva Purana — Vayaviya Samhita, Shloka 5

सर्गविभागवर्णनम्

Classification of Creation: the Nine Sargas and the Streams of Beings

तस्मात्ते संवृतात्मानो नगा मुख्याः प्रकीर्तिताः । तं दृष्ट्वाऽसाधकं ब्रह्मा प्रथमं सर्गमीदृशम् । अप्रसन्नमना भूत्वा द्वितीयं सो ऽभ्यमन्यत । तस्याभिधायतः सर्गं तिर्यक्स्रोतो ऽभ्यवर्तत

tasmātte saṃvṛtātmāno nagā mukhyāḥ prakīrtitāḥ | taṃ dṛṣṭvā'sādhakaṃ brahmā prathamaṃ sargamīdṛśam | aprasannamanā bhūtvā dvitīyaṃ so 'bhyamanyata | tasyābhidhāyataḥ sargaṃ tiryaksroto 'bhyavartata

Darum werden sie als die vornehmsten „Nāgas“ verkündet, Wesen von verschlossener, in sich geschlossener Natur. Als Brahmā sah, dass diese erste Schöpfung dem Zweck nicht dienlich war, wurde sein Geist unzufrieden und er sann auf eine zweite Schöpfung. Als er diese Schöpfung zu verkünden begann, trat der Strom der „tiryak-srotas“ hervor—jene, deren Lebensstrom horizontal verläuft (Tiere und niedere Geschöpfe).

tasmāttherefore
tasmāt:
Sambandha (Causal connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottasmāt (अव्यय)
FormHetu/krama-avyaya ('therefore')
tethey
te:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana
saṃvṛta-ātmānaḥhaving closed/covered selves
saṃvṛta-ātmānaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier of te/nagāḥ)
TypeAdjective
Rootsaṃvṛta (प्रातिपदik; √vṛ धातु) + ātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; समासः—बहुव्रीहिः ('whose selves are covered/closed')
nagāḥ(they were) Nagas / immobile beings
nagāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeNoun
Rootnaga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana
mukhyāḥchief, principal
mukhyāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootmukhya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana
prakīrtitāḥare proclaimed/called
prakīrtitāḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate—passive)
TypeAdjective
Rootpra-kīrt (कीर्त् धातु)
FormKta (PPP), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; passive sense 'are proclaimed'
tamthat (creation)
tam:
Karma (कर्म/Object of seeing)
TypeNoun
Roottad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
dṛṣṭvāhaving seen
dṛṣṭvā:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (पूर्वकाल/Adverbial: prior action)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootdṛś (दृश् धातु)
FormKtvā-pratyaya (क्त्वा/Absolutive, gerund)
asādhakamineffective, not accomplishing
asādhakam:
Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Roota-sādhaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसakaliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; agrees with sargam
brahmāBrahmā
brahmā:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
prathamamfirst
prathamam:
Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootprathama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसakaliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; agrees with sargam
sargamcreation
sargam:
Karma (कर्म/Object of considering)
TypeNoun
Rootsarga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
īdṛśamsuch as this
īdṛśam:
Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootīdṛśa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; agrees with sargam
aprasanna-manāḥwith an unpleased mind
aprasanna-manāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (Qualifier of brahmā)
TypeAdjective
Roota-prasanna (प्रातिपदिक) + manas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; समासः—बहुव्रीहिः ('whose mind is displeased')
bhūtvāhaving become
bhūtvā:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (Prior action)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootbhū (भू धातु)
FormKtvā (क्त्वा Absolutive)
dvitīyamsecond
dvitīyam:
Karma (कर्म/Object—elliptic)
TypeAdjective
Rootdvitīya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसakaliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; (object understood: sargam)
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सः; तद् सर्वनाम)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
abhyamanyatathought/considered
abhyamanyata:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootman (मन् धातु)
FormLaṅ-lakāra (Imperfect), Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; Ātmanepada; with upasarga abhi-
tasyaof him
tasya:
Sambandha (Genitive)
TypeNoun
Roottad (तद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga/napuṃsaka, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana
abhidhāyataḥof (him) while declaring
abhidhāyataḥ:
Sambandha (Genitive)
TypeAdjective
Rootabhi-dhā (धा धातु)
FormŚatṛ (शतृ Present active participle), Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana; 'of (him) who was uttering/ordaining'
sargamcreation
sargam:
Karma (कर्म/Object of 'abhyavartata')
TypeNoun
Rootsarga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
tiryak-srotaḥthe horizontal current (tiryaksrotas)
tiryak-srotaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottiryak (प्रातिपदिक) + srotas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसakaliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; समासः—कर्मधारयः ('horizontal stream/current')
abhyavartatacame forth/occurred
abhyavartata:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootabhi-√vṛt (वृत् धातु)
FormLaṅ-lakāra (Imperfect), Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana; Ātmanepada; with upasarga abhi-

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Role: creative

Cosmic Event: successive sarga: shift from inert first creation to tiryak-srotas (horizontal life-current)

B
Brahma

FAQs

It distinguishes grades of embodied life arising in creation and hints that mere production of bodies is not the final aim; without right orientation toward the Supreme Lord (Pati), creation remains ‘asādhaka’—not conducive to liberation—thus pointing toward the need for Shiva-centered knowledge and grace.

By showing that Brahmā’s creations can be limited and purposeless for moksha, the text implicitly directs seekers beyond mere worldly embodiment toward Saguna Shiva worship (such as Linga-upāsanā) as a stabilizing path that purifies the pashu and turns the soul toward Pati.

The takeaway is to avoid remaining ‘saṁvṛtātmā’ (contracted in awareness) by adopting Shiva-oriented sādhana—regular japa of the Panchākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and contemplative self-discipline—so creation becomes ‘sādhaka’ (supportive of liberation).