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Shloka 44

Arjuna’s Mantra-Empowerment and the Pāṇḍavas’ Separation (Śiva-rūpa through Mantra)

ब्राह्मण उवाच । युक्तं न क्रियते वीर सुखं प्राप्तुं च यत्तपः । क्षात्रधर्मेण क्रियते मुक्त्यर्थं कुरुसत्तम

brāhmaṇa uvāca | yuktaṃ na kriyate vīra sukhaṃ prāptuṃ ca yattapaḥ | kṣātradharmeṇa kriyate muktyarthaṃ kurusattama

Der Brāhmaṇa sprach: „O Held, eine Askese, die nur unternommen wird, um weltliches Vergnügen zu erlangen, ist nicht angemessen. Doch wenn dieselbe Disziplin gemäß dem Dharma eines Kṣatriya um der Befreiung willen vollzogen wird, o Bester der Kurus, dann ist sie rechtmäßig.“

ब्राह्मणःthe brāhmaṇa
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन
युक्तम्proper/fitting
युक्तम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/विशेषण-प्रत्यय)
TypeAdjective
Rootयुक्त (प्रातिपदिक/कृदन्त)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; predicate adjective (‘proper’)
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; negation particle
क्रियतेis done
क्रियते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), आत्मनेपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; passive/impersonal sense ‘is done’
वीरO hero
वीर:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootवीर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
सुखम्happiness/pleasure
सुखम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; object of infinitive ‘प्राप्तुम्’
प्राप्तुम्to obtain
प्राप्तुम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+आप् (धातु) + तुमुन्
Formकृदन्त (तुमुनन्त/infinitive); ‘to obtain’
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; conjunction
यत्which
यत्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/सम्बन्धक)
TypeAdjective
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; relative pronoun qualifying ‘तपः’
तपःausterity
तपः:
Karta (कर्ता/विषयः)
TypeNoun
Rootतपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
क्षात्र-धर्मेणby the kṣatriya duty
क्षात्र-धर्मेण:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षात्र (प्रातिपदिक) + धर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (क्षत्रियस्य धर्मः); पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन
क्रियतेis done
क्रियते:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), आत्मनेपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन
मुक्ति-अर्थम्for liberation
मुक्ति-अर्थम्:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
TypeNoun
Rootमुक्ति (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; purpose
कुरु-सत्तमO best of the Kurus
कुरु-सत्तम:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु (प्रातिपदिक) + सत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (कुरुषु सत्तमः); पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन

A Brāhmaṇa (unnamed counsel-giver within the narrative)

Tattva Level: pasha

FAQs

It distinguishes desire-driven austerity from dharma-aligned discipline aimed at mokṣa—teaching that right intention and alignment with one’s ordained duty purify the soul and loosen bondage (pāśa), preparing one for Shiva’s grace.

Linga/Saguna-Shiva worship in the Purana is repeatedly framed as dharma performed with liberation-intent rather than for enjoyment or power; this verse reinforces that spiritual practice and duty become sanctified when offered toward mokṣa and Shiva-realization.

The implied takeaway is niṣkāma discipline—performing one’s duty as an offering to Shiva; practically, this aligns with steady japa of the Panchākṣarī (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) and daily Shiva-pūjā done without desire for worldly reward.