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Shloka 41

Droṇācārya’s Tapas and the Manifestation of Śiva: The Birth-Grant of Aśvatthāmā (अश्वत्थामा-अवतार-प्रसङ्गः)

इत्थं महेश्वरस्तात चक्रे लीलाम्पराम्प्रभुः । अवतीर्य्य क्षितौ द्रौणिरूपेण मुनिसत्तम

itthaṃ maheśvarastāta cakre līlāmparāmprabhuḥ | avatīryya kṣitau drauṇirūpeṇa munisattama

So, o Lieber, vollbrachte Maheśvara—der höchste Herr—Seine erhabene, transzendente Līlā, Sein göttliches Spiel. Und als Er zur Erde herabstieg, nahm Er die Gestalt Drauṇis an, o Bester der Weisen.

इत्थम्thus
इत्थम्:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत्थम् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; प्रकारवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (thus/in this manner)
महेश्वरःMaheśvara (Śiva)
महेश्वरः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootमहेश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
तातO dear (one)
तात:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
TypeNoun
Rootतात (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)
चक्रेperformed/did
चक्रे:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verbal action)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद
लीलाम्divine play
लीलाम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootलीला (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
पराम्supreme
पराम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object-qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण of लीलाम्
प्रभुःthe Lord
प्रभुः:
Karta (कर्ता/Appositive subject)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); apposition to महेश्वरः
अवतीर्य्यhaving descended
अवतीर्य्य:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया/Absolutive)
TypeVerb
Rootअव-तॄ (धातु)
Formकृदन्त; ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययभाव (gerund/absolutive) ‘having descended’; उपसर्ग: अव-
क्षितौon the earth
क्षितौ:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षिति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)
द्रौणि-रूपेणin the form of Drauṇi
द्रौणि-रूपेण:
Karana (करण/Means-manner)
TypeNoun
Rootद्रौणि (प्रातिपदिक) + रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (रूप), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular); तृतीया-तत्पुरुष/षष्ठी-सम्बन्धार्थ: ‘in the form of Drauṇi’
मुनिसत्तमO best of sages
मुनिसत्तम:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि (प्रातिपदिक) + सत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘best among sages’

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Mahadeva

S
Shiva (Maheśvara)

FAQs

The verse highlights that Śiva, though transcendent (para), freely manifests through līlā for the world’s guidance—teaching that the Supreme (Pati) can assume accessible forms so devotees may recognize His governance and grace within history.

By stating that Maheśvara “descends” in a specific form, the text affirms Saguna worship: the same formless Supreme is approached through concrete manifestations—like the Liṅga and divine forms—so devotion becomes steady and inward realization matures.

A practical takeaway is to meditate on Śiva as both transcendent and present: japa of the Pañcākṣarī (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) while contemplating His līlā as compassionate descent, supported by Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) and Rudrākṣa as reminders of Śiva-tattva.