Rig Veda 8.9.13 — Mandala 8, Sukta 9, Mantra 13

Sukta 8.9

Rishi: Kāṇva (Kaṇva lineage)

Devata: Aśvinau

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs verification)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यदद्याश्विनावहं हुवेय वाजसातये । यत्पृत्सु तुर्वणे सहस्तच्छ्रेष्ठमश्विनोरवः ॥

Transliteration

yád adyā́śvināv aháṃ huvḗya vā́jasātaye | yát pṛtsú turváṇe sáhas tác chrḗṣṭham aśvínor ávaḥ ||

Translation

Wenn ich heute die Aśvins rufe zum Gewinn des vāja, der Fülle an Kraft und Gedeihen, dann ist in den Kämpfen, zum Überwinden, diese Macht die vortrefflichste Hilfe der Aśvins.

Word by Word

• यत्: when/if/that
• यत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable (relative pronoun used as conjunction)
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• अद्य: today/now
• अद्य: Adhikaraṇa (time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अद्य (avyaya)

• आश्विनाव्: O Aśvins
• आश्विनाव्: Sampradāna (addressed recipients)
• Type: Noun (dual proper epithet)
• Root: आश्विन (prātipadika; ‘of the Aśvins’)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अहम् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• हुवेय: may I invoke/call
• हुवेय: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ह्वे (ह्वयति/ह्वयते) ‘to call, invoke’

• वाजसातये: for the winning of the prize (strength)
• वाजसातये: Sampradāna (purpose/benefit)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाजसाति (prātipadika; ‘winning of prize/strength’)

• यत्: when/that
• यत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable (relative pronoun used as conjunction)
• Root: यद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• पृत्सु: in battles
• पृत्सु: Adhikaraṇa (location/sphere)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृत्/पृत्स् (prātipadika; ‘battle, contest’)

• तुर्वणे: (with/for) Túrvaṇa / the impetuous one
• तुर्वणे: Adhikaraṇa (with/at/for Túrvaṇa—contextual locus/association)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (epithet)
• Root: तुर्वण (prātipadika; epithet ‘overpowering/impetuous’; also used as a proper/epithetic name in RV)

• सहः: strength, might
• सहः: Karma (that which is achieved/manifested)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहस् (prātipadika; ‘strength, might’)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (correlative ‘that’)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)

• श्रेष्ठम्: best, most excellent
• श्रेष्ठम्: Karma (predicate/qualifier of ‘that’)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्रेष्ठ (prātipadika; superlative of √श्रि/श्री ‘to excel, be eminent’)

• अश्विनोः: of the Aśvins
• अश्विनोः: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun (dual proper)
• Root: अश्विन् (prātipadika; the Aśvins)

• अवः: help, aid, favor
• अवः: Karma (the ‘help’ being spoken of)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवस् (prātipadika; ‘help, aid, favor’)