Rig Veda 5.52.1 — Mandala 5, Sukta 52, Mantra 1

Sukta 5.52

Rishi: Śyāvāśva (as addressed; hymn in Śyāvāśva Ātreya cycle is traditional for Maruts in Mandala 5)

Devata: Maruts

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; Marut hymns commonly Triṣṭubh and the verse length fits)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

प्र श्यावाश्व धृष्णुयार्चा मरुद्भिॠक्वभिः । ये अद्रोघमनुष्वधं श्रवो मदन्ति यज्ञियाः ॥

Transliteration

prá śyā́vāśva dhṛ́ṣṇu-yā́rcā marúdbhir ṛ́kvabhiḥ | yé adrógham ánusvadhaṃ śrávo mádanti yajñíyāḥ ||

Translation

O Śyāvāśva, singe mit kühner Kraft den Maruts – den Sängern des heiligen Wortes; den Opferwürdigen, die sich an untrügerischem Ruhm und an der eigenen, naturhaften Süße ihrer Macht erfreuen.

Word by Word

• प्र: forth, forward
• प्र: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्र (upasarga)

• श्यावाश्व: O Śyāvāśva
• श्यावाश्व: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (proper name/vocative epithet)
• Root: श्यावाश्व (प्रातिपदिक; श्याव- ‘dark’ + अश्व ‘horse’)

• धृष्णुया: boldly, impetuously
• धृष्णुया: Karaṇa (manner)
• Type: Adjective (used adverbially)
• Root: धृष्णु (adj. ‘bold, impetuous’)

• अर्चा: sing/praise!
• अर्चा: (predicate; addressed to the singer)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्च्

• मरुद्भिः: with the Maruts
• मरुद्भिः: Saha/Karaṇa (association: ‘with/by the Maruts’)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मरुत्

• ऋक्वभिः: with the hymn-singers/chanters
• ऋक्वभिः: Saha/Karaṇa (association)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋक्वन् (adj./noun ‘hymn-singer, praiser’)

• ये: who
• ये: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (relative pronoun)

• अद्रोघम्: without malice, harmlessly
• अद्रोघम्: Karaṇa (manner) / Kriyāviśeṣaṇa
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अद्रोघ (a- + द्रोघ ‘harm, deceit’)

• अनुष्वधम्: according to their own will/impulse; in due course
• अनुष्वधम्: Adhikaraṇa (manner) / Kriyāviśeṣaṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु-स्वधम् (avyaya; अनु + स्वधा)

• श्रवः: fame, renown
• श्रवः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रवस्

• मदन्ति: they rejoice in / exult
• मदन्ति: (predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: मद्

• यज्ञियाः: the sacrifice-worthy (ones)
• यज्ञियाः: Kartā (apposition to ये = Maruts)
• Type: Adjective (substantivized)
• Root: यज्ञिय (adj. ‘worthy of sacrifice, sacrificial’)