Rig Veda 5.43.1 — Mandala 5, Sukta 43, Mantra 1
Sukta 5.43
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya) (traditional for RV 5.43)
Devata: Viśve Devāḥ / nourishing powers (often read as a broad all-gods invocation with symbolic ‘seven’ powers)
Chandas: Jagatī or Triṣṭubh (needs metrical verification; verse length suggests Jagatī tendencies)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
आ धेनवः पयसा तूर्ण्यर्था अमर्धन्तीरुप नो यन्तु मध्वा । महो राये बृहतीः सप्त विप्रो मयोभुवो जरिता जोहवीति ॥
Transliteration
ā́ dhenávaḥ páyasā tūrṇyàrthā́ amárdhantīr úpa no yantu mádhvā | mahó rāyé bṛhatī́ḥ sapta vípro mayobhúvo jaritā́ johavīti ||
Translation
Mögen die melkenden Kühe der Fülle eilends zu uns kommen mit ihrer Milch, unaufgehalten, mit honigsüßer Süße. Um großen Reichtum ruft der Seher, der Sänger, laut die sieben weiten, freudenspendenden Mächte an.
Word by Word
आhither, towards
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग) / ā (preverb)
धेनवःmilch-cows (cows)
धेनवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootधेनु- (प्रातिपदिक) / dhenu-
पयसाwith milk
पयसा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootपयस्- (प्रातिपदिक) / payas-
तूर्ण्यर्थाःswift-going / having swift aim
तूर्ण्यर्थाः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootतूर्णि- + अर्थ- (समास) / tūrṇi- + artha-
अमर्धन्तीःnot failing, unremitting
अमर्धन्तीः:
Kartā (धेनवः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeVerb (participle)
Rootमृध् (धातु) / mṛdh ‘to neglect, fail, be remiss’
उपnear, unto
उप:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) / upa
नःto us / our
नः:
Sampradāna (लाभार्थे) / beneficiary
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम) / asmad
यन्तुlet them come/go
यन्तु:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु) / yā ‘to go’
मध्वाwith sweetness / with honey (mead)
मध्वा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootमधु- (प्रातिपदिक) / madhu-
महोfor great (gain)
महो:
Sampradāna
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्- (प्रातिपदिक) / mahat-
रायेfor wealth
राये:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootराय्-/रायि- (प्रातिपदिक) / rāy- ‘wealth’
बृहतीःgreat, lofty
बृहतीः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootबृहती- (प्रातिपदिक) / bṛhatī-
सप्तseven
सप्त:
—
TypeNumeral
Rootसप्त (संख्या) / sapta
विप्रःthe inspired sage
विप्रः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र- (प्रातिपदिक) / vipra-
मयोभुवःbringing delight, beneficent
मयोभुवः:
Kartā (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootमयस्- + भू (समास; बहुव्रीहि/तत्पुरुष) / mayas- + bhū
जरिताthe praiser
जरिता:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootजरितृ- (प्रातिपदिक; √गॄ/गिर् ‘to sing, praise’ से) / jaritṛ-
जोहवीतिkeeps invoking / calls repeatedly
जोहवीति:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootह्वे (धातु) / hve ‘to call, invoke’ (intensive/iterative: johavīti)
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