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Rig Veda 5.42.10 — Mandala 5, Sukta 42, Mantra 10

Sukta 5.42

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya tradition) — traditional attribution for RV 5.42
Devata: Maruts
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

य ओहते रक्षसो देववीतावचक्रेभिस्तं मरुतो नि यात । यो वः शमीं शशमानस्य निन्दात्तुच्छ्यान्कामान्करते सिष्विदानः ॥

Transliteration

yá óhate rákṣaso devávītāv acákrebhis táṃ maruto ní yāta | yó vaḥ śámīṃ śaśamānáस्य nindā́t tucchyā́n kā́mān karate sisvidā́naḥ ||

Translation

Wer euch, o Maruts, mit den Rakṣas beim von den Göttern begleiteten Opfer angreift – auf den, o Maruts, stürzt euch mit eurer unaufhaltsamen Macht. Und wer aus Tadel am mühevollen Sucher leere Begierden schafft, betörend – den werft nieder.

Word by Word
यःwho (he who)
यः:
सम्बन्ध/विशेषण (यः…सः-सम्बन्धः)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
ओहतेdrives away / repels
ओहते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√ऊह्/√वह् (वेद. ‘ओह्’ = वहति/अपोहति)
रक्षसःthe demons (rakṣasas)
रक्षसः:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootरक्षस् (प्रातिपदिक)
देववीतौin the divine service/assembly (at the rite where gods are invited)
देववीतौ:
अधिकारण
TypeNoun
Rootदेववीति (प्रातिपदिक; ‘देव-वीति’ = देवैः सह गमन/आह्वान/यज्ञ-समागमः)
अचक्रेभिःwith the wheel-less (ones) / with those without wheels
अचक्रेभिः:
करण
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootअचक्र (प्रातिपदिक; ‘अ-चक्र’ = चक्ररहित/अचक्र; वेद. विशेषण)
तम्him
तम्:
कर्म (नि-या-त इत्यस्य)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
मरुतःO Maruts
मरुतः:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootमरुत् (प्रातिपदिक)
निdown; in; towards
नि:
क्रियाविशेषण (दिशा/अवरोह)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
यातgo / come
यात:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√या
यःwho
यः:
सम्बन्ध/विशेषण (यः…सः)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
वःof you / your
वः:
सम्बन्ध (सम्बन्ध-षष्ठी)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
शमीम्peace; calm; appeasement (śamī)
शमीम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootशमी (प्रातिपदिक)
शशमानस्यof the pacifying one / of him who seeks calm
शशमानस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — ‘of the one who is pacifying/striving for peace’
TypeParticiple
Root√शम् (शशमान = वर्तमान-कृदन्त ‘शमयन्/शममान’)
निन्दात्from blame / from reproach
निन्दात्:
अपादान
TypeNoun
Rootनिन्दा (प्रातिपदिक) / √निन्द् (भाव)
तुच्छ्यान्vain / paltry
तुच्छ्यान्:
कर्म (कामा॑न् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootतुच्छ्य (प्रातिपदिक; ‘तुच्छ’ = तुच्छ/निरर्थक; वेद. बहुव. acc.)
कामान्desires
कामान्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootकाम (प्रातिपदिक)
करतेmakes / fashions
करते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√कृ
सिष्विदानःimpelling / setting in motion (as he acts)
सिष्विदानः:
कर्तृ (यः…करते—इत्यस्य कर्ता-विशेषणम्)
TypeParticiple
Root√सिव्/√स्यु (वेद. सिष्विदान = कृत्-रूप; ‘प्रेरयन्/उत्सृजन्/प्रवर्धयन्’ इत्यर्थे)
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