Rig Veda 4.5.15: Mandala 4, Sukta 5, Mantra 15

Sukta 4.5

Rishi: Vāmadeva Gautama

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

अस्य श्रिये समिधानस्य वृष्णो वसोरनीकं दम आ रुरोच । रुशद्वसानः सुदृशीकरूपः क्षितिर्न राया पुरुवारो अद्यौत् ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 4.5.15

Transliteration

asyá śríye samidhānásya vṛ́ṣṇo vásor ánīkaṃ dáma ā́ ruroca | ruśád vasā́naḥ sudṛ́śīkārūpaḥ kṣitír ná rāyā́ puruvā́ro ádyaut ||

Translation

Zu seinem Glanz — zu dem Stier, wenn er entzündet wird — leuchtete im Haus das Antlitz des Weiten auf. In Strahlenglanz gekleidet, in Gestalt vollkommen sichtbar gemacht, flammte er auf — wie eine Wohnstatt reich an Fülle, weit geöffnet in den Toren des Reichtums.

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Word by Word

• अस्य: of this (one)
• अस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → अस्य (षष्ठी एकवचन)

• श्रिये: for (his) splendor/prosperity
• श्रिये: सम्प्रदान (purpose/for)
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्री (स्त्रीलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिक)

• समिधानस्य: of the kindling one / of him who is being kindled
• समिधानस्य: सम्बन्ध (genitive qualifier)
• Type: Participle (Adjectival)
• Root: सम्-इध् (धातु) → समिधान (कृदन्त, शतृ/शानच्-प्रत्यय; ‘kindling’)

• वृष्णः: of the Bull (mighty one)
• वृष्णः: सम्बन्ध (genitive qualifier)
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: वृषन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘bull, mighty one’)

• वसोः: of Vasu / of the good one
• वसोः: सम्बन्ध (genitive qualifier)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘good, wealth’; also epithet ‘Vasu’)

• अनीकम्: the face/front; the radiant appearance
• अनीकम्: कर्तृ (subject of verb)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनीक (नपुंसक-प्रातिपदिक; ‘face, front, appearance, radiance’)

• दमे: in the house/home
• दमे: अधिकरण (locus)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दम (पुं/नपुं-प्रातिपदिक; ‘house, home’)

• आ: forth, unto (intensifying/goal)
• आ: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: आ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• रुरोच: shone forth
• रुरोच: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: रुच् (धातु ‘to shine’) → रुरोच (लिट्)

• रुशद्वसानः: wearing brightness; clad in shining (garments)
• रुशद्वसानः: कर्तृ-विशेषण
• Type: Compound/Participle
• Root: (i) रुशद् (विशेषण; ‘shining, bright’) + (ii) वस् (धातु ‘to clothe’) → वसान (कृदन्त, शानच्; ‘wearing’)

• सुदृशीकरूपः: of form that makes (things) good to see; fair-formed
• सुदृशीकरूपः: कर्तृ-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: सु-दृश् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘good to see, fair’) + कृ (धातु) → -कर (agent/causative sense ‘making’) + रूप (प्रातिपदिक ‘form’)

• क्षितिः: the dwelling/earth; the settlement
• क्षितिः: कर्तृ (subject of verb)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षिति (स्त्रीलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिक; ‘dwelling, earth; abode/settlement’)

• न: like, as
• न: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)

• राया: with wealth; by bounty
• राया: करण (means/with)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राय्/राय (स्त्रीलिङ्ग-प्रातिपदिक; ‘wealth, bounty’)

• पुरुवारः: having many boons/treasures
• पुरुवारः: कर्तृ-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: पुरु (बहु ‘many’) + वार (पुं; ‘choice, boon, treasure’)

• अद्यौत्: shone; flashed forth
• अद्यौत्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: द्युत् (धातु ‘to shine’) → अद्यौत् (लुङ्, augment a-)