Rig Veda 4.36.4: Mandala 4, Sukta 36, Mantra 4

Sukta 4.36

Rishi: Rbhus cycle poet

Devata: Rbhus (including Śruṣṭī, Vāja, Vibhu as named powers)

Chandas: Trishtubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

एकं वि चक्र चमसं चतुर्वयं निश्चर्मणो गामरिणीत धीतिभिः । अथा देवेष्वमृतत्वमानश श्रुष्टी वाजा ऋभवस्तद्व उक्थ्यम् ॥

Transliteration

ékaṃ ví cakra camasáṃ catúrvayaṃ níś carmaṇó gā́m ariṇīta dhītíbhíḥ | áthā devéṣv amṛtatvám ānaśa śruśṭī́ vājā ṛbhavas tád va ukthyàm ||

Translation

Den einen Becher machtet ihr vierfach; und aus der Haut brachtet ihr durch die Kräfte des Denkens die Kuh hervor. Da erlangtet ihr Unsterblichkeit unter den Göttern. O Śruṣṭī, Vāja und Rbhus—dies ist eure preiswürdige Tat.

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Word by Word

• एकम्: one (single)
• एकम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective/Pronoun-like numeral
• Root: एक (प्रातिपदिक)

• वि: apart, asunder, in various ways
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: वि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• चक्र: (he/they) made, fashioned
• चक्र: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु) + (लिट्/परस्मैपद; वैदिक रूप)

• चमसम्: cup, beaker (soma-cup)
• चमसम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: चमस (प्रातिपदिक)

• चतुर्वयम्: fourfold, of four parts
• चतुर्वयम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: चतुर् + वय (प्रातिपदिक; ‘having age/measure’ → ‘fourfold’)

• निः: out, forth
• निः: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: निः (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)

• चर्मणः: from (the) hide/skin
• चर्मणः: Apādāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: चर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• गाम्: the cow
• गाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)

• अरीणीत: he set in motion / he brought forth
• अरीणीत: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: ऋ/अर् (धातु ‘to move/raise/set in motion’; caus./intens. वैदिक प्रयोग)

• धीतिभिः: with insights, with inspired thoughts
• धीतिभिः: Karaṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: धीति (प्रातिपदिक < धा/धी ‘thought, insight’)

• अथ: then, thereafter
• अथ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)

• देवेषु: among the gods
• देवेषु: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)

• अमृतत्वम्: immortality
• अमृतत्वम्: Karma
• Type: Noun (abstract)
• Root: अमृतत्व (प्रातिपदिक < अमृत + त्व)

• आनश: he attained, won
• आनश: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: अश् (धातु ‘to attain, reach’) + आ- (उपसर्ग)

• श्रुष्टी: obedient service / attentive readiness
• श्रुष्टी: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रुष्टि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘obedience/ready service’)

• वाजाः: prizes, strengths, winnings
• वाजाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाज (प्रातिपदिक)

• ऋभवः: the Rbhus (divine artisans)
• ऋभवः: Kartā
• Type: Noun (proper/tribal name)
• Root: ऋभु (प्रातिपदिक)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• वः: of you / your
• वः: Sampradāna (possessive)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• उक्थ्यम्: praiseworthy; fit for recitation (as an uktha)
• उक्थ्यम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: उक्थ्य (प्रातिपदिक < उक्थ ‘hymn’)