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Rig Veda 3.38.5: Mandala 3, Sukta 38, Mantra 5

Sukta 3.38

Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina
Devata: Indra (with paired royal powers invoked; possibly Indra with allied sovereignty principles)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

असूत पूर्वो वृषभो ज्यायानिमा अस्य शुरुधः सन्ति पूर्वीः । दिवो नपाता विदथस्य धीभिः क्षत्रं राजाना प्रदिवो दधाथे ॥

Transliteration

ásūta pū́rvo vṛṣabhó jyā́yān imā́ asya śurúdhaḥ santi pūrvī́ḥ | dívo napātā vidáthasya dhībhíḥ kṣatráṁ rājānā prádivo dadhāthe ||

Translation

Zuerst ward der ältere Stier der Kraft geboren; diese vielen Ströme seiner Macht sind uranfänglich. O ihr zwei Könige, Söhne des Himmels: durch Schauungen im Opferhaltet ihr die königliche Gewalt, die aus dem lichtvollen Himmel stammt.

Word by Word
असूत्brought forth / begot
असूत्:
(क्रिया) मुख्यक्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√सू (सुवति/सूते) ‘to beget, bring forth’
पूर्वःthe former/earlier (one)
पूर्वः:
Kartā (असूत् का कर्ता) सह-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व (प्रातिपदिक) ‘former, earlier’
वृषभःthe bull; the mighty one
वृषभः:
Kartā (असूत् का कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootवृषभ (प्रातिपदिक) ‘bull; mighty one’
ज्यायानिgreater (things/ones)
ज्यायानि:
Karma (असूत् का कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootज्यायस् (comparative stem) ‘stronger, greater’
इमाthese
इमा:
Karma (ज्यायानि का विशेषण)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) ‘these’
अस्यof him / of this (one)
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) ‘of this/ him’
शुरुधःdefences / strongholds
शुरुधः:
Kartā (सन्ति का कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootशुरुध् (प्रातिपदिक; RV ‘strongholds/defences, protections’)
सन्तिare
सन्ति:
(क्रिया) उपवाक्य-क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√अस् ‘to be’
पूर्वीःancient / former
पूर्वीः:
Kartā (शुरुधः का विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्वी (प्रातिपदिक) ‘former, earlier; ancient’
दिवःof heaven
दिवः:
सम्बन्ध (नपाता का षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्/द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक) ‘sky, heaven’
नपाताO two sons/descendants
नपाता:
सम्बोधन (address)
TypeNoun
Rootनपात् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘offspring, son; descendant’
विदथस्यof the rite/assembly
विदथस्य:
सम्बन्ध (धीभिः का षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootविदथ (प्रातिपदिक) ‘assembly; rite; distribution’
धीभिःwith insights / with prayers
धीभिः:
Karaṇa (instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootधी (प्रातिपदिक) ‘thought; insight; prayer’
क्षत्रम्sovereignty / dominion
क्षत्रम्:
Karma (दधाथे का कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्र (प्रातिपदिक) ‘dominion; sovereignty; power’
राजानाO two kings
राजाना:
सम्बोधन (address)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘king’
प्रदिवःof the fore-heaven / of the highest heaven
प्रदिवः:
सम्बन्ध (दधाथे—स्थापन-सम्बन्ध/उत्पत्ति-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootप्र + दिव्/द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक) ‘fore-heaven; in front of heaven; in the highest heaven’ (RV usage)
दधाथेyou two have established / placed
दधाथे:
(क्रिया) मुख्यक्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√धा ‘to place, establish’
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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