Rig Veda 10.85.40: Mandala 10, Sukta 85, Mantra 40
Sukta 10.85
Rishi: Traditionally attributed to Sūryā Sāvitri (wedding hymn complex) and/or related seers in RV 10.85; verse belongs to the Sūryā-vivāha (marriage) cycle
Devata: Soma–Gandharva–Agni (sequence of guardians/agents of the bride’s ‘taking’), with human completion
Chandas: Trishtubh (likely; RV 10.85 frequently uses Triṣṭubh/Jagatī in sections—exact metrical scan may vary by recension)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
सोमः प्रथमो विविदे गन्धर्वो विविद उत्तरः । तृतीयो अग्निष्टे पतिस्तुरीयस्ते मनुष्यजाः ॥
Transliteration
sómaḥ prathamó vívide gandharvó vívida úttaraḥ | tṛtī́yo agníṣ te pátiḥ turī́yas te manuṣyajā́ḥ ||
Translation
Soma fand dich zuerst; der Gandharva fand dich danach. Als Dritter ist Agni dein Gatte; als Vierte sind es die von Menschen Geborenen.
Word by Word
सोमःSoma (the Soma, as a personified being)
सोमः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रथमःfirst
प्रथमः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)
विविदेhas found / has obtained
विविदे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (विदँ ज्ञाने) — परस्मैपद/आत्मनेपद; परिपूर्ण-रूपेण: विविदे (परिपूर्ण/परफेक्ट)
गन्धर्वःthe Gandharva
गन्धर्वः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootगन्धर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
विविदेhas found / has obtained
विविदे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (विदँ ज्ञाने) — विविदे
उत्तरःthe later / the next
उत्तरः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
तृतीयःthird
तृतीयः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective
Rootतृतीय (प्रातिपदिक)
अग्निःAgni (Fire)
अग्निः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
तेof you / your
ते:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्/युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
पतिःhusband / lord
पतिः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootपति (प्रातिपदिक)
तुरीयःfourth
तुरीयः:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective
Rootतुरीय (प्रातिपदिक)
तेof you / your
ते:
सम्बन्ध (षषष्ठी)
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्/युष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
मनुष्यजाःthe man-born ones / human-born (men, mortals)
मनुष्यजाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (collective/epithet)
Rootमनुष्यजा (प्रातिपदिक; मनुष्य + जा ‘born/produced’)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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