Shloka 60

Sarga 93: Rāvaṇa’s Grief and Fury after Indrajit’s Fall; Move to Slay Vaidehī and Ministerial Restraint

Devanagari script

धिगस्तुकुब्जामसतींमन्थरांपापनिश्चयाम् ।यन्निमित्तमिमंशोकंकौसल्याप्रतिपत्स्यते ।।।।

Transliteration

dhigas tu kubjām asatīṃ mantharāṃ pāpa-niścayām | yan-nimittam imaṃ śokaṃ kausalyā pratipatsyate ||

Translation

Schande über jene Bucklige, die ruchlose Mantharā, fest entschlossen in sündigem Vorhaben—ihretwegen ist Kauśalyā in diesen Kummer geraten.

Word by Word

• dhik: fie!
• dhik: Sambandha (interjection)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: dhik (अव्यय)
• Form: निन्दार्थ-अव्यय (interjection: ‘shame/fie!’)

• astu: let it be
• astu: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: as (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, परस्मैपद; ‘let it be’ (idiomatically with dhik)

• kubjām: the hunchback woman
• kubjām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kubjā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative), एकवचन

• asatīm: wicked woman
• asatīm: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: asatī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण (kubjām/mantharām)

• mantharām: Mantharā
• mantharām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mantharā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेष्य (proper name)

• pāpaniścayām: of sinful resolve
• pāpaniścayām: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pāpa + niścaya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (पापः निश्चयः यस्याः); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषण

• yat-nimittam: for whose cause
• yat-nimittam: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yat (सर्वनाम) + nimitta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (यस्य निमित्तम्); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘for which reason/whose cause’

• imam: this
• imam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘śokam’ इति विशेषण

• śokam: grief
• śokam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śoka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• kausalyā: Kausalyā
• kausalyā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kausalyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• pratipatsyate: will undergo
• pratipatsyate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prati + pad (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Future), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन, आत्मनेपद; अर्थः ‘will attain/undergo’

Context

'Son killed, Kausalya will be disappointed, lost sentience will be offering obsequies, surely and enter fire or water and drown'.

Characters & Entities

• Mantharā
• Kauśalyā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is clarified by negation: the verse condemns adharma—malicious counsel and sinful resolve that set large-scale suffering into motion.

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā traces present grief back to the earlier palace intrigue, blaming Mantharā as a key instigator of the exile-chain of events.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Moral clarity—Sītā identifies harmful intention (pāpa-niścaya) as ethically blameworthy.