Shloka 45

युद्धकाण्डे एकोनषष्टितमः सर्गः

Rāvaṇa’s Assault on Nīla and Lakṣmaṇa; Hanumān Bears Rāma

Devanagari script

तेवध्यमानाःपतिताःप्रवीरानानद्यमानाभयशल्यविद्धाः ।शाखामृगारावणसायकार्ताजग्मुश्शरण्यंशरणंस्मरामम् ।।6.59.45।।

Transliteration

te vadhyamānāḥ patitāḥ pravīrā nānadyamānā bhayaśalyaviddhāḥ |

śākhāmṛgā rāvaṇasāyakārtā jagmuḥ śaraṇyaṃ śaraṇaṃ sma rāmam ||6.59.45||

Translation

Erschlagen und gefallen, jene erlesensten Helden, aufschreiend und vom Pfeil der Furcht durchbohrt, gingen die Affen, von Rāvaṇas Geschossen gequält, zu Rāma als Zuflucht — zu dem, der würdig ist, Schutz zu gewähren.

Word by Word

• ते: they
• ते: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन)

• वध्यमानाः: being struck
• वध्यमानाः: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वध् (धातु) → वध्यमान (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Present passive participle (शानच्/PPPresPass), Masculine, Nominative Plural; 'being struck/killed'

• पतिताः: fallen
• पतिताः: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पत् (धातु) → पतित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Past active participle (क्त/PPP used in sense of fallen), Masculine, Nominative Plural

• प्रवीराः: heroes
• प्रवीराः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रवीर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Plural (बहुवचन); apposition to ते

• नानद्यमानाः: crying aloud
• नानद्यमानाः: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नद् (धातु) → नानद्यमान (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Present middle participle (शानच्/आत्मनेपद), Masculine, Nominative Plural; intensive/onomatopoetic sense 'crying out'

• भयशल्यविद्धाः: pierced by fear like a dart
• भयशल्यविद्धाः: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भय + शल्य + विध् (धातु) → विद्ध (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative Plural; compound: भय-शल्येन विद्धाः (pierced by the dart of fear)

• शाखामृगाः: monkeys
• शाखामृगाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शाखा + मृग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative Plural; कर्मधारयः: शाखासु मृगाः (tree-dwelling monkeys)

• रावणसायकार्ताः: distressed by Ravana's arrows
• रावणसायकार्ताः: Karta-anvaya (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रावण + सायक + आर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative Plural; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः: रावणस्य सायकैः आर्ताः (distressed by Rāvaṇa's arrows)

• जग्मुः: went
• जग्मुः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd person, Plural; Parasmaipada

• शरण्यम्: the protector/refuge
• शरण्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शरण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular; used substantively 'the refuge-worthy one'

• शरणम्: for refuge
• शरणम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular; adverbial object with गम्

• स्म: indeed/then (narrative particle)
• स्म: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: स्म (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya particle (निपात), often with perfect to mark narration/emphasis

• रामम्: Rama
• रामम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular

Context

Those monkeys struck and fallen by the piercing of arrows shrieking went to seek refuge from Rama.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Rāvaṇa
• Vānaras (Śākhāmṛga)
• arrows (sāyaka)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Śaraṇāgati aligned with dharma: in crisis, one turns to a righteous protector; Rāma is portrayed as ‘śaraṇya’—the morally fit refuge for the distressed.

What is the narrative situation?

After suffering severe arrow-wounds and panic, the vānaras withdraw toward Rāma, seeking safety and guidance.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s protective kingship—his reliability as a refuge for allies, which is central to dharmic leadership.