Shloka 34

युद्धकाण्डे एकोनषष्टितमः सर्गः

Rāvaṇa’s Assault on Nīla and Lakṣmaṇa; Hanumān Bears Rāma

Devanagari script

हाऽगतंमांसहितंभवद्भिर्वनौकसश्छिद्रमिदंविदित्वा ।शून्यापुरींदुष्प्रसहांप्रमथ्यप्रधर्षयेयुस्सहसासमेताः ।।6.59.34।।

Transliteration

hāgataṃ māṃ sahitaṃ bhavadbhir vanaukasaś chidram idaṃ viditvā | śūnyāṃ purīṃ duṣprasahāṃ pramathya pradharṣayeyuḥ sahasā sametāḥ ||6.59.34||

Translation

„Wenn die Waldbewohner erfahren, dass ich mit euch hierher hinausgekommen bin, werden sie dies als eine verwundbare Lücke erkennen; und, rasch zusammenströmend, könnten sie in die (für einen Augenblick) unbewachte Stadt eindringen und sie verwüsten.“

Word by Word

• hā: alas!/ah!
• hā: Sambodhana/Prayoga (सम्बोधन/प्रयोग)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hā (अव्यय)
• Form: विस्मय/खेद-निपात (exclamatory particle)

• āgatam: come, arrived
• āgatam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: āgata (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √gam)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; माम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम् (me who has come)

• mām: me
• mām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• sahitam: together (with you), accompanied
• sahitam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sahita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √sah)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; माम् इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• bhavadbhiḥ: by/with you
• bhavadbhiḥ: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhavat (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; आद्यर्थे सह (with you)

• vanaukasaḥ: forest-dwellers (Vanaras)
• vanaukasaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vanaukas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; कर्तृपदम् (subject of pradharṣayeyuḥ)

• chidram: weak point, breach
• chidram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: chidra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; viditvā इत्यस्य कर्म

• idam: this
• idam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; chidram इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• viditvā: having known
• viditvā: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vid (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund)

• śūnyām: empty
• śūnyām: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śūnya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; purīm इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• purīm: city
• purīm: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: purī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• duṣprasahām: hard to assail
• duṣprasahām: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: duṣprasaha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; purīm इत्यस्य विशेषणम्

• pramathya: having crushed/devastated
• pramathya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√math (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund)

• pradharṣayeyuḥ: they might storm/assail
• pradharṣayeyuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√dhṛṣ (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन

• sahasā: suddenly, by force
• sahasā: Prakāra (प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sahasā (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकार-अव्यय (suddenly/forcibly)

• sametāḥ: assembled, together
• sametāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-eta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √i)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; vanaukasaḥ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्; क्त (past participle)

Context

"Coming to know that I am here with you, this side, considering it to be a weak point, the forest dwellers may enter the vacant city and Devastate all united."

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa
• Vānaras (vanaukasaḥ)
• Laṅkā (city, purī)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Prudence in leadership: a ruler must anticipate consequences and protect civilians and infrastructure by not leaving avoidable vulnerabilities.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa explains why city defenses must remain vigilant: his absence from the city could invite a Vānara incursion.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Strategic foresight—recognizing how an opponent may exploit a ‘chidra’ (gap).