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Shloka 10

विभीषणोपदेशः

Vibhīṣaṇa’s Counsel to Rāvaṇa and the Rākṣasa Court

प्रहस्त: राजाचमहोदरश्चत्वंकुम्भकर्णश्चयथाऽर्थजातम् ।ब्रवीतरामंप्रतितन्नशक्यंयथागतिस्स्वर्गमधर्मबुद्धेः ।।।।

prahastaḥ rājā ca mahodaraś ca tvaṃ kumbhakarṇaś ca yathārtha-jātam |

bravīta rāmaṃ prati tan na śakyaṃ yathā gatiḥ svargam adharma-buddheḥ ||

Prahastha, der König, Mahodara, du und Kumbhakarṇa—was immer ihr gegen Rāma ersinnt, es kann nicht vollbracht werden; wie auch ein Mensch mit unrechtem Sinn den Himmel nicht erlangt.

prahastaḥPrahastha
prahastaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootprahasta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā vibhakti (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana (Singular)
rājāthe king
rājā:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (conjunction: 'and')
mahodaraḥMahodara
mahodaraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootmahodara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (conjunction)
tvamyou
tvam:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootyusmad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma (Pronoun), Madhyama-puruṣa (2nd person), Prathamā (Nominative/1st), Ekavacana
kumbhakarṇaḥKumbhakarna
kumbhakarṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootkumbhakarṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamuccaya-nipāta (conjunction)
yathāas / just as
yathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/relator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
FormUpamā/Prakāra-avyaya (adverb: 'as, just as')
arthajātamthe intended plan / purpose formed
arthajātam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootartha + jāta (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
FormNapुंसakaliṅga (Neuter), Dvitīyā vibhakti (Accusative/2nd), Ekavacana; Ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa sense: 'of the matter' + 'arisen/formed' = 'intention/plan'
bravītasaid / spoke
bravīta:
Kriyā (क्रिया/finite verb)
TypeVerb
Rootbrū (धातु)
FormLiṭ-lakāra (Perfect), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person), Ekavacana; Parasmaipada
rāmamRama
rāmam:
Karma (कर्म/Object) (with prati: 'towards/against')
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
pratiagainst / towards
prati:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/relator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootprati (अव्यय/उपसर्गवत्)
FormUpasarga/Preposition-like avyaya (direction/opposition: 'towards, against')
tatthat
tat:
Karma (कर्म/thing-referred)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma (Pronoun), Napuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā/Dvitīyā (Nom/Acc) Ekavacana; here predicate-noun with śakyaṃ: 'that (is) possible'
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNiṣedha-nipāta (particle of negation)
śakyampossible
śakyam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/predicate adjective)
TypeAdjective
Rootśakya (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्त-भाव)
FormKṛtya-pratyaya (potential adjective, -ya), Napuṃsakaliṅga, Prathamā/Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; predicate: 'possible'
yathājust as
yathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/relator)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
FormUpamā-avyaya (correlative: 'just as')
gatiḥattainment / going
gatiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject) (in simile-clause)
TypeNoun
Rootgati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (Feminine), Prathamā, Ekavacana
svargamheaven
svargam:
Karma (कर्म/goal-object)
TypeNoun
Rootsvarga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
adharmabuddheḥof the unrighteous-minded person
adharmabuddheḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootadharma + buddhi (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
FormStrīliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī vibhakti (Genitive/6th), Ekavacana; Karmadhāraya-like internal sense 'unrighteous intellect' used as tatpuruṣa; genitive of possessor: 'of one whose mind is unrighteous'

"That which you intend to accomplish against Rama is not possible either for you or the king and even for Kumbhakarna and Mahodara, just as heaven is not obtained by the unrighteous people," said Vibheeshana.

V
Vibhīṣaṇa
R
Rāma
P
Prahastha
R
Rāvaṇa
M
Mahodara
K
Kumbhakarṇa
S
Svarga (heaven)

FAQs

Dharma is presented as the condition for true success: unrighteous intent cannot yield the highest goal (svarga), and similarly adharma-driven aggression cannot defeat a dharmic hero like Rāma.

Vibhīṣaṇa counters the warlike boasting in Rāvaṇa’s court, warning that plans to oppose Rāma are futile when rooted in unrighteousness.

Truthfulness and principled counsel: Vibhīṣaṇa speaks plainly, valuing dharma over factional loyalty.