Shloka 40

अयोध्याप्रत्यागमन-सन्देशः

Hanuman Sent Ahead to Ayodhya

Devanagari script

एवमुक्तोहनुमताभरतःकैकयीसुतः ।।।।पपातसहसाहृष्टोहर्षान्मोहमुपागमत् ।

Transliteration

evam ukto hanumatā bharataḥ kaikayīsutaḥ |

papāta sahasā hṛṣṭo harṣān moham upāgamat ||

Translation

So von Hanumān angesprochen, jubelte Bharata, Kaikeyīs Sohn, plötzlich auf; sogleich stürzte er nieder und wurde von einer Ohnmacht ergriffen, die aus reiner Wonne entsprang.

Word by Word

• evam: thus
• evam: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evam (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; prakāra-vācaka (प्रकारवाचक/adverb of manner)

• uktaḥ: addressed/told
• uktaḥ: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Predicative)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √vac (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: Kṛdanta: past passive participle (क्त/PPP); Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana; 'having been spoken to'

• hanumatā: by Hanuman
• hanumatā: Kartṛ-karaṇa (कर्तृकरण/Agent in passive; instrumental)
• Type: Noun
• Root: hanumat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd/तृतीया), Ekavacana

• bharataḥ: Bharata
• bharataḥ: Kartā (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana

• kaikeyīsutaḥ: son of Kaikeyi
• kaikeyīsutaḥ: Kartā (कर्ता/Subject; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kaikeyī-suta (प्रातिपदिक; kaikeyī + suta)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana; तत्पुरुषः (kaikeyyāḥ sutaḥ)

• papāta: fell
• papāta: Kriyā (क्रिया/Finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √pat (धातु)
• Form: Liṭ-lakāra (Perfect/लिट्), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd/प्रथम), Ekavacana; parasmaipada

• sahasā: suddenly
• sahasā: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sahasā (अव्यय/प्रातिपदिक-निपातवत्)
• Form: Avyaya; adverb (क्रियाविशेषण) = 'suddenly'

• hṛṣṭaḥ: delighted
• hṛṣṭaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: hṛṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक; √hṛṣ (धातु) + kta)
• Form: Kṛdanta (क्त/PPP) used adjectivally; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st/प्रथमा), Ekavacana; qualifying bharataḥ

• harṣāt: from joy
• harṣāt: Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: harṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Pañcamī (5th/पञ्चमी), Ekavacana (ablative of cause)

• moham: faintness/delusion
• moham: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: moha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd/द्वितीया), Ekavacana

• upāgamat: fell into/was overtaken by
• upāgamat: Kriyā (क्रिया/Finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: upa-ā-√gam (धातु)
• Form: Luṅ-lakāra (Aorist/लुङ्), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd/प्रथम), Ekavacana; parasmaipada

Context

Hanuman having said that, the son of Kaikeyi was delighted and instantly fell on ground and lost senses by extreme joy.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Bharata
• Kaikeyī

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse highlights the power of truthful news (satya) to transform suffering—Bharata’s long restraint collapses into overwhelming relief.

What is the narrative situation?

After hearing Hanumān’s report of Rāma’s victory and return, Bharata is physically overcome by joy.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s deep devotion and sincerity—his emotions reveal how intensely he has borne responsibility and separation.