Shloka 11

युद्धकाण्डे द्वादशः सर्गः — रावणस्य परिषद्-सम्बोधनं कुम्भकर्णस्य नीत्युपदेशश्च

Ravana’s Council Address and Kumbhakarna’s Counsel

Devanagari script

अयंहिसुप्तःषण्मासान्कुम्भकर्णोमहाबलः ।सर्वशस्त्रभृतांमुख्यस्सइदानींसमुत्थितः ।।6.12.11।।

Transliteration

ayaṃ hi suptaḥ ṣaṇmāsān kumbhakarṇo mahābalaḥ | sarva-śastra-bhṛtāṃ mukhyaḥ sa idānīṃ samutthitaḥ ||

Translation

Denn dieser gewaltige Kumbhakarṇa — der Erste unter allen Waffenträgern — hatte sechs Monate geschlafen; nun ist er erwacht und aufgestanden.

Word by Word

• अयम्: this (one)
• अयम्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• हि: indeed
• हि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), अव्यय; emphasis/indeed

• सुप्तः: slept; sleeping
• सुप्तः: Karta (कर्ता/subject-predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √स्वप् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• षण्मासान्: six months
• षण्मासान्: Karma (कर्म/Object of duration)
• Type: Noun
• Root: षण् + मास (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्विगु-समास (numeral compound) ‘षण्+मास’; पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन; कालपरिमाण (duration)

• कुम्भकर्णः: Kumbhakarna
• कुम्भकर्णः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुम्भ + कर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (नामधेय); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• महाबलः: very strong
• महाबलः: Karta (कर्ता/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महा + बल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• सर्वशस्त्रभृताम्: of all weapon-bearers
• सर्वशस्त्रभृताम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व + शस्त्र + √भृ (धातु) + तृच् (कृदन्त)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास ‘सर्व-शस्त्र-भृत्’ (weapon-bearer); ‘भृत्’ तृच्-प्रत्ययान्त कर्तृवाचक; पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), बहुवचन

• मुख्यः: foremost
• मुख्यः: Karta (कर्ता/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मुख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (superlative sense: foremost)

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• इदानीम्: now
• इदानीम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इदानीम् (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)

• समुत्थितः: has arisen; has awakened
• समुत्थितः: Kriya (क्रिया/Predication)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + उद् + √स्था (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: उपसर्गयुक्त √स्था; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (PPP) ‘risen/awakened’; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत्/विधेय

Context

"Kumbhakarna, the foremost among the wielders of weapons, is very strong. He was sleeping these six months and has arrived now."

Characters & Entities

• Kumbhakarṇa
• Rāvaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse is primarily descriptive; ethically, it frames how power is mobilized in war—raising questions about strength being aligned (or misaligned) with dharma.

What is the narrative situation?

Kumbhakarṇa, famed for strength, is announced as having awakened after a long sleep and is now ready to enter events.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Martial might and readiness for battle (vīrya), presented as a formidable force.