Shloka 30

हनूमदुपदेशः रावणस्य च कोपः

Hanuman’s Counsel to Ravana and Ravana’s Wrath

Devanagari script

जनस्थानवधं बुद्ध्वा बुद्ध्वा वालिवधं तथा।।।।रामसुग्रीवसख्यं च बुध्यस्व हितमात्मनः।

Transliteration

janasthānavadhaṃ buddhvā buddhvā vālivadhaṃ tathā | rāmasugrīvasakhyaṃ ca budhyasva hitam ātmanaḥ ||

Translation

Bedenke die Vernichtung von Janasthāna; bedenke ebenso die Tötung Vālis; und das Bündnis Rāmas mit Sugrīva — und erkenne, was deinem eigenen Wohl dient.

Word by Word

• जनस्थानवधम्: the slaughter at Janasthana
• जनस्थानवधम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनस्थान + वध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Acc. 2), एकवचन (sg.); सप्तमी/षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषभाव: जनस्थाने (जनस्थानस्य) वधः

• बुद्ध्वा: having understood
• बुद्ध्वा: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √बुध् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय-भाव (gerund); पूर्वकालिक-क्रिया (having known/realized)

• बुद्ध्वा: having understood
• बुद्ध्वा: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √बुध् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय-भाव (gerund)

• वालिवधम्: the killing of Vali
• वालिवधम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वालिन् + वध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Acc. 2), एकवचन (sg.); षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: वालिनः वधः

• तथा: likewise
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारवाचक (thus/likewise)

• रामसुग्रीवसख्यम्: the friendship/alliance of Rama and Sugriva
• रामसुग्रीवसख्यम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम + सुग्रीव + सख्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Acc. 2), एकवचन (sg.); समाहार-द्वन्द्व: रामश्च सुग्रीवश्च तयोः सख्यम्

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय-निपात

• बुध्यस्व: understand/realize
• बुध्यस्व: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √बुध् (धातु)
• Form: लोट्-लकार (Impv.), मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd), एकवचन (sg.); आत्मनेपद

• हितम्: what is beneficial
• हितम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (n.), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Acc. 2), एकवचन (sg.); 'what is beneficial'

• आत्मनः: for yourself/of yourself
• आत्मनः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (m.), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Gen. 6), एकवचन (sg.)

Context

"You know about the killing of all ogres at Janasthana and of Vali also. You know about the alliance of Rama and Sugriva. You may decide on a proper course of action for the sake of your own welfare.

Characters & Entities

• Janasthāna
• Vāli
• Rāma
• Sugrīva

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Wisdom in dharma includes prudent recognition of reality: one should abandon adharma when clear evidence shows its inevitable ruin.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān urges Rāvaṇa to assess Rāma’s proven power and alliances and to adopt a course that preserves life and order—implying the return of Sītā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Strategic discernment aligned with righteousness—counsel that combines moral correction with concrete historical evidence.