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Shloka 8

द्वादशः सर्गः — हनूमतः अन्तःपुरविचयः

Hanuman’s Search Through Ravana’s Inner Apartments

अदृष्ट्वा किं प्रवक्ष्यामि तामहं जनकात्मजाम्।ध्रुवं प्रायमुपैष्यन्ति कालस्य व्यतिवर्तने।।।।

adṛṣṭvā kiṃ pravakṣyāmi tām ahaṃ janakātmajām |

dhruvaṃ prāyam upaiṣyanti kālasya vyativartane ||

Ohne die Tochter Janakas gesehen zu haben, was könnte ich sagen? Wenn die gesetzte Frist überschritten ist, werden sie gewiss beschließen, bis zum Tod zu fasten.

adṛṣṭvāwithout seeing
adṛṣṭvā:
Pūrvakāla (पूर्वकाल)
TypeVerb
Rootdṛś (धातु)
Formनञ्-पूर्वक क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (negative gerund): ‘without seeing’
kiṃwhat
kiṃ:
Prashna (प्रश्न)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkim (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
Formप्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय
pravakṣyāmiwill I say
pravakṣyāmi:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-vac (धातु)
Formलृट्-लकार (Simple Future), परस्मैपद, उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन
tāmher
tām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम-रूप
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
Formप्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम-रूप
janaka-ātmajāmJanaka's daughter
janaka-ātmajām:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootjanaka (प्रातिपदिक) + ātmaja (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘Janakasya ātmajā’; स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
dhruvamsurely
dhruvam:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootdhruva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभावेन प्रयुक्तम् (indeclinable adverbial use): ‘surely’
prāyamfast unto death
prāyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootprāya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘fasting unto death/resolve to die’
upaiṣyantiwill undertake/approach
upaiṣyanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootupa-i (धातु)
Formलृट्-लकार (Simple Future), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
kālasyaof time
kālasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootkāla (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग, षष्ठी (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), एकवचन
vyativartaneupon exceeding (the time limit)
vyativartane:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvyati-vṛt (धातु) → vyativartana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative/अधिकरण), एकवचन; ‘in the overstepping/expiry’

'Since the time limit has exceeded and Janaki is not spotted, surely the vanaras would sit and wait unto death. What am I going to say'?

S
Sita
J
Janaka
V
Vanaras

FAQs

Dharma is commitment to a vowed mission; however, the verse also warns how despair can distort duty into self-destruction when hope and truthful progress are absent.

Hanuman fears that because the time limit is exceeded and Sītā remains unfound, the vānaras may choose prāya (fasting to death).

Concern for others’ welfare—Hanuman’s anxiety is not only personal but also for the morale and survival of the team.