HomeRamayanaSundara KandaSarga 1Shloka 149
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Shloka 149

समुद्रलङ्घनारम्भः

Commencement of the Ocean-Crossing

एवमुक्ता तु सा देवी दैवतैरभिसत्कृता।समुद्रमध्ये सुरसा बिभ्रती राक्षसं वपुः।।।।विकृतं च विरूपं च सर्वस्य च भयावहम्।प्लवमानं हनूमन्तमावृत्येदमुवाच ह।।।।

evam uktā tu sā devī daivatair abhisatkṛtā | samudramadhye surasā bibhratī rākṣasaṁ vapuḥ || vikṛtaṁ ca virūpaṁ ca sarvasya ca bhayāvaham | plavamānaṁ hanūmantam āvṛtya idam uvāca ha ||

So angesprochen und von den Göttern geehrt, stand die göttliche Surasā mitten im Ozean und nahm einen Rākṣasa-Leib an, entstellt, hässlich und allen furchterregend. Den dahinfliegenden Hanumān umschließend, sprach sie zu ihm wie folgt.

evamthus
evam:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootevam (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, manner-adverb (प्रकारवाचक)
uktāhaving been addressed
uktā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormBhūta-kṛdanta (past passive participle/क्त): ukta (spoken/addressed); Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana (agreeing with devī/sā)
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha-dyotaka (सम्बन्धद्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, particle (निपात), contrast/emphasis
she
:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; सर्वनाम
devīthe goddess/divine lady
devī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdevī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
daivataiḥby the gods
daivataiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootdaivata (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana
abhisatkṛtāhonoured
abhisatkṛtā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootabhi-sat-kṛ (धातु)
FormBhūta-kṛdanta (past passive participle/क्त): abhisatkṛta (honoured); Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
samudra-madhyein mid-ocean
samudra-madhye:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsamudra (प्रातिपदिक) + madhya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Saptamī, Ekavacana; सप्तमी-तत्पुरुषः: samudrasya madhye (in the middle of the ocean)
surasāSurasa
surasā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsurasā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana (proper noun)
bibhratībearing, assuming
bibhratī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootbhṛ (धातु)
FormVartamāna-kṛdanta (present active participle/शतृ), Parasmaipada; Strīliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana
rākṣasamdemonic
rākṣasam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootrākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; vapuḥ iti viśeṣaṇam
vapuḥbody/form
vapuḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvapus (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana
vikṛtamdistorted, monstrous
vikṛtam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootvikṛta (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; vapuḥ iti viśeṣaṇam; भूतकृदन्त (क्त): वि+कृ (distorted)
caand
ca:
Samuccaya-dyotaka (समुच्चयद्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, conjunction (समुच्चय)
virūpamugly, misshapen
virūpam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootvirūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; vapuḥ iti viśeṣaṇam
caand
ca:
Samuccaya-dyotaka (समुच्चयद्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, conjunction
sarvasyaof all
sarvasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga/Napुंसकलिङ्ग, Ṣaṣṭhī (Genitive/6th), Ekavacana; 'of all' (collective)
caand
ca:
Samuccaya-dyotaka (समुच्चयद्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, conjunction
bhaya-āvahamfearsome
bhaya-āvaham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhaya (प्रातिपदिक) + āvaha (प्रातिपदिक from ā-√vah)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; उपपद-तत्पुरुषः: bhayam āvahati iti (bringing fear)
plavamānamleaping, flying
plavamānam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootplu (धातु)
FormVartamāna-kṛdanta (present active participle/शतृ), Parasmaipada; Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana (agreeing with hanūmantam)
hanūmantamHanuman
hanūmantam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roothanūmat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana (proper noun)
āvṛtyahaving surrounded
āvṛtya:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootā-vṛ (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्): āvṛtya (having surrounded/covered)
idamthis
idam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसकलिङ्ग, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; सर्वनाम
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvac (धातु)
FormLiṭ-lakāra (Perfect), Parasmaipada; Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana
haindeed
ha:
Bhāva-dyotaka (भावद्योतक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootha (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, particle (निपात), narrative emphasis

Thus honoured by the gods, Surasa assumed a terrific ugly form frightening to all and stood in the midst of the ocean. Putting up a distorted appearance and encompassing Hanuman who was crossing the ocean, she spoke to him:

S
Surasā
G
Gods (Devas)
O
Ocean (Samudra/Sāgara)
H
Hanuman

FAQs

True dharma is revealed when fear is confronted: intimidating appearances are not final truths; discernment and steadiness must guide action.

Surasā, following the gods’ instruction, manifests a terrifying form and blocks Hanuman mid-ocean to begin the test.

Hanuman’s poised readiness to respond wisely when suddenly confronted and encircled.