Shloka 14

मैत्रीप्रतिज्ञा-वैरकारणप्रश्नः

Friendship Vow and Inquiry into the Cause of Enmity

Devanagari script

तावासीनौ ततो दृष्ट्वा हनूमानपि लक्ष्मणम्।सालशाखां समुत्पाट्य विनीतमुपवेशयत्।।

Transliteration

tāv āsīnau tato dṛṣṭvā hanūmān api lakṣmaṇam | sāla-śākhāṃ samutpāṭya vinītam upaveśayat ||

Translation

Als er die beiden sitzen sah, riss Hanūmān einen Śāla-Zweig ab und setzte den gehorsamen Lakṣmaṇa ehrerbietig darauf.

Word by Word

• तौ: those two
• तौ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject of participle-context)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), द्विवचन; सर्वनाम

• आसीनौ: seated
• आसीनौ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आस् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि/कर्तरि कृदन्त (past participle used adjectivally), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; अर्थ: 'seated'

• ततः: then
• ततः: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Time-context)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; क्रमवाचक (then/thereafter)

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Kriyā (क्रिया/Non-finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund): 'having seen'

• हनूमान्: Hanuman
• हनूमान्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हनूमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• अपि: also
• अपि: Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय/अपि-कार (also/even)

• लक्ष्मणम्: Lakshmana
• लक्ष्मणम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• सालशाखाम्: a śāla-tree branch
• सालशाखाम्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: साल-शाखा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: सालस्य शाखा

• समुत्पाट्य: having uprooted/pulled off
• समुत्पाट्य: Kriyā (क्रिया/Non-finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-उत्-पट्/पाट् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund): 'having torn up/pulled out'

• विनीतम्: obedient, humble
• विनीतम्: Karma (कर्म/Object-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-नी (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त, पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; अर्थ: 'well-trained/obedient'

• उपवेशयत्: made (him) sit
• उपवेशयत्: Kriyā (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-विश् (धातु) (णिच् causative)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद; णिच्-प्रयोग: 'made (him) sit'

Context

Thereafter Hanuman also broke a branch of the sala tree and seated Lakshmana on it.

Characters & Entities

• Hanūmān
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Rāma
• Sugrīva
• śāla tree (sāla)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Sevā (service) guided by respect: Hanūmān’s act models Dharma as attentive, humble service to worthy persons.

What is the narrative situation?

After Rāma and Sugrīva sit, Hanūmān ensures Lakṣmaṇa is also properly seated, maintaining courtesy in the meeting.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hanūmān’s devotion and propriety: he anticipates needs and acts without being asked.