Shloka 18

पञ्चषष्टितमः सर्गः — वानराणां प्लवन-पराक्रम-निरूपणम्

Assessment of the Vanaras’ Leaping Capacity; Jambavan Motivates Hanuman

Devanagari script

अथोत्तरमुदारार्थमब्रवीदङ्गदस्तदा।अनुमान्य तथा प्राज्ञो जाम्बवन्तं महाकपिम्।।।।

Transliteration

athottaram udārārtham abravīd aṅgadas tadā |

anumānya tathā prājño jāmbavantaṃ mahākapim ||

Translation

Darauf erwiderte der weise Angada, nachdem er den großen Affen Jāmbavān ehrerbietig bedacht hatte, in sanfter und edler Weise.

Word by Word

• अथ: then
• अथ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ (अव्यय)
• Form: आरम्भ/अनन्तर-अव्यय (particle: then/now)

• उत्तरम्: reply
• उत्तरम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उत्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• उदारार्थम्: in a gracious manner
• उदारार्थम्: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उदार (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समासवत् क्रियाविशेषण (in a generous sense/manner); द्वितीया-एकवचन रूपेण अव्ययवत्

• अब्रवीत्: said
• अब्रवीत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू (धातु)
• Form: लङ्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• अङ्गदः: Aṅgada
• अङ्गदः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अङ्गद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तदा: then
• तदा: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: काल-अव्यय (then)

• अनुमान्य: having considered
• अनुमान्य: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु + मन् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययभाव (gerund/त्वान्त), ‘having inferred/considered’

• तथा: thus
• तथा: Kriya-viseshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकार-अव्यय (thus/in that way)

• प्राज्ञः: wise
• प्राज्ञः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्राज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण

• जाम्बवन्तम्: Jāmbavant
• जाम्बवन्तम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जाम्बवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• महाकपिम्: the great monkey
• महाकपिम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + कपि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (great monkey)

Context

'Then the wise Angada said to great Jambavan, in a gentle manner about his own strength.

Characters & Entities

• Angada
• Jāmbavān

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma in communication: even when correcting or responding, one should speak with respect and gentleness, especially to elders and the wise.

What is the narrative situation?

After Jāmbavān’s honest admission of reduced strength, Angada prepares a considerate response.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Courtesy and discernment: Angada responds thoughtfully, preserving harmony in the mission council.