Shloka 4

विन्ध्यगुहाविचयः — Searching the Vindhya Caves and the Cursed Forest

Southern Search

Devanagari script

अन्वेषमाणास्ते सर्वे वानरास्सर्वतो दिशम्।न सीतां ददृशुर्वीरा मैथिलीं जनकात्मजाम्।।।।

Transliteration

anveṣamāṇās te sarve vānarāḥ sarvato diśam |

na sītāṃ dadṛśur vīrā maithilīṃ janakātmajām ||

Translation

Während sie in alle Richtungen suchten, erblickten die heldenhaften Vānara-Krieger Sītā nicht — Maithilī, die Tochter Janakas.

Word by Word

• anveṣamāṇāḥ: searching
• anveṣamāṇāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Verb
• Root: anu-√iṣ (इष् धातु, 'to seek')
• Form: Śatṛ-pratyaya (present active participle), Puṃliṅga (Masculine), Prathamā (Nominative), Bahuvacana; kartṛ-vācaka (agentive)

• te: they
• te: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana

• sarve: all
• sarve: Karta (कर्ता/Subject-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; viśeṣaṇa of vānarāḥ

• vānarāḥ: monkeys/vanaras
• vānarāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana

• sarvataḥ: everywhere/from all sides
• sarvataḥ: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Adverbial location)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sarvatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya; adverb (directional): 'from all sides'

• diśam: direction(s)
• diśam: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Directional extent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: diś (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga (Feminine), Dvitīyā (Accusative), Ekavacana; used adverbially with sarvataḥ (in all directions)

• na: not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Negation)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; niṣedha (negation particle)

• sītām: Sita
• sītām: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sītā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• dadṛśuḥ: saw
• dadṛśuḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया/Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dṛś (दृश् धातु)
• Form: Liṭ-lakāra (Perfect), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Bahuvacana, Parasmaipada

• vīrāḥ: heroes
• vīrāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject-apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vīra (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; apposition to vānarāḥ

• maithilīm: Maithili
• maithilīm: Karma (कर्म/Object-apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: maithilī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; epithet of Sītā

• janakātmajām: Janaka's daughter
• janakātmajām: Karma (कर्म/Object-apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: janaka + ātmajā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa: janakasya ātmajā (Janaka's daughter)

Context

The heroic monkeys went searching all over the direction for the daughter of Janaka, but in vain.

Characters & Entities

• Sita
• Janaka
• Vanaras

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is steadfast duty: the Vānaras continue their mission of service to Rāma despite uncertainty and lack of immediate success.

What is the narrative situation?

The Vānaras are combing the southern regions in search of Sītā but have not yet located her.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Perseverance and loyalty in collective service (seeking Sītā for Rāma’s cause).