Shloka 47

वालिनः और्ध्वदैहिकम्

Vali’s Funeral Rites and the Consolation of the Bereaved

Devanagari script

एवं विलपतीं तारां पतिशोकपरिप्लुताम्।उत्थापयन्ति स्म तदा वानर्यश्शोककर्शिताः4.25.47।।

Transliteration

evaṁ vilapatīṁ tārāṁ patiśoka-pariplutām |

utthāpayanti sma tadā vānaryaḥ śoka-karśitāḥ || 4.25.47 ||

Translation

So klagte Tārā, vom Kummer um ihren Gemahl überflutet; da halfen ihr die von Trauer gezeichneten Affenweibchen, sich zu erheben.

Word by Word

• evaṃ: thus, in that way
• evaṃ: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: evaṃ (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय)

• vilapatīm: lamenting, wailing
• vilapatīm: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vilapat (कृदन्त; √lap धातु, वि-उपसर्ग)
• Form: Present participle (शतृ) used adjectivally; Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन) qualifying 'tārām'

• tārām: Tārā
• tārām: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tārā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• pati-śoka-pariplutām: overwhelmed by grief for her husband
• pati-śoka-pariplutām: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pati-śoka-paripluta (समास; प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa chain compound (तत्पुरुष): pati (husband) + śoka (grief) + paripluta (overwhelmed); Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन) qualifying 'tārām'

• utthāpayanti: they raise (her), help her stand
• utthāpayanti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √sthā (धातु; उत्-उपसर्ग, causative)
• Form: Present (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन); Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद); Causative (णिच्): 'make rise'

• sma: (in past narration)
• sma: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sma (अव्यय)
• Form: Past-narrative particle (स्म-निपात)

• tadā: then
• tadā: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb of time (कालवाचक-अव्यय)

• vānaryaḥ: female monkeys
• vānaryaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānaryā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• śoka-karśitāḥ: afflicted by grief
• śoka-karśitāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śoka-karśita (समास; कृदन्त)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) compound: śoka (grief) + karśita (emaciated/afflicted; PPP from √kṛś); Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन) qualifying 'vānaryaḥ'

Context

The grief-stricken female monkeys helped Tara, overwhelmed with sorrow due to her husband's death, rise from the ground.

Characters & Entities

• Tārā
• Vāli (implied as husband)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is compassion in practice: communal support for the bereaved and care for one who is overwhelmed by loss.

What is the narrative situation?

After Vāli’s death, Tārā collapses in grief; the women of the vānaras console her and help her stand.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Empathy and solidarity—grief is shared, and care is offered without being asked.