Shloka 28

भरतस्य दूतसमागमः तथा केकयराजनः अनुज्ञा

Bharata Meets the Messengers; Kekaya King Grants Leave

Devanagari script

स मातामहमापृच्छ्य मातुलं च युधाजितम्।रथमारुह्य भरतश्शत्रुघ्नसहितो ययौ।।2.70.28।।

Transliteration

sa mātāmaham āpṛcchya mātulaṁ ca yudhājitam |

ratham āruhya bharataḥ śatrughna-sahito yayau ||2.70.28||

Translation

Nachdem er sich von seinem mütterlichen Großvater und von seinem mütterlichen Onkel Yudhājit verabschiedet hatte, bestieg Bharata, von Śatrughna begleitet, den Wagen und zog davon.

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Kartā (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (कर्ता), एकवचन

• मातामहम्: maternal grandfather
• मातामहम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mātāmaha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (मातुः पिता)

• आपृच्छ्य: having taken leave of
• आपृच्छ्य: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√prach (धातु; प्रछ्)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund)

• मातुलम्: maternal uncle
• मातुलम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mātula (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक

• युधाजितम्: Yudhājit
• युधाजितम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yudhājit (प्रातिपदिक; नाम)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; व्यक्तिनाम

• रथम्: chariot
• रथम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन

• आरुह्य: having mounted
• आरुह्य: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√ruh (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund)

• भरतः: Bharata
• भरतः: Kartā (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (कर्ता), एकवचन

• शत्रुघ्नसहितः: accompanied by Śatrughna
• शत्रुघ्नसहितः: Sahakāraka (सहकारक)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śatrughna-sahita (प्रातिपदिक; शत्रुघ्न + सहित)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (शत्रुघ्नेन सहितः = accompanied by Śatrughna)

• ययौ: went
• ययौ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √yā (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Context

Under the protection of the army, the illustrious Bharata who was devoid of enemies, accompanied by ministers who were comparable to him and Satrughna, departed from his venerable grandfather's house like a siddha leaving the regions of Indra.ityārṣē śrīmadrāmāyaṇē vālmīkīya ādikāvyē ayōdhyākāṇḍē saptatitamassargaḥ৷৷Thus ends the seventieth sarga in Ayodhyakanda of the holy Ramayana, the first epic composed by sage Valmiki.

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• Śatrughna
• Yudhājit

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is respectful leave-taking: before undertaking a serious journey or duty, one honors elders and seeks their consent and blessings.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata formally takes leave of his maternal relatives and begins the journey back, with Śatrughna at his side.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Filial piety and humility—Bharata acts with deference to elders and solidarity with his brother.