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Shloka 28

The Establishment of Vāmana at Kānyakubja and the Sanctification of Setu

राम उवाच । अत्र पूर्वं हृता सीता रावणेन दुरात्मना । हत्वा जटायुषं गृध्रं योसौ पितृसखो हि नौ

rāma uvāca | atra pūrvaṃ hṛtā sītā rāvaṇena durātmanā | hatvā jaṭāyuṣaṃ gṛdhraṃ yosau pitṛsakho hi nau

Rāma sprach: „Hier wurde einst Sītā von Rāvaṇa, dem Verderbten im Herzen, geraubt, nachdem er den Geier Jaṭāyus getötet hatte, der wahrlich ein Freund meines Vaters war.“

रामःRama
रामः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootराम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (परोक्षभूत/परिपूर्ण), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन — “said/spoke”
अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, देशवाचक (locative adverb)
पूर्वम्formerly/before
पूर्वम्:
Kala (Time/काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्वम् (अव्यय/नपुंसक-रूप)
Formअव्यय, कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (temporal adverb)
हृताwas abducted
हृता:
Kriya (Passive predicate/कर्मणि-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootहृ (धातु) → हृत (कृदन्त)
Formकृदन्त (क्त), स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन — passive past participle: “was taken/abducted”
सीताSita
सीता:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसीता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन
रावणेनby Ravana
रावणेन:
Karta (Agent in passive/कर्तृ)
TypeNoun
Rootरावण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन — agent in passive construction
दुरात्मनाby the wicked-souled (one)
दुरात्मना:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुरात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन — adjective qualifying ‘रावणेन’
हत्वाhaving killed
हत्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु) → हत्वा (क्त्वान्त)
Formअव्ययकृदन्त (क्त्वा), “having killed”
जटायुषम्Jatayu
जटायुषम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootजटायु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन
गृध्रम्the vulture
गृध्रम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootगृध्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन — apposition to ‘जटायुषम्’
यःwho
यः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन — relative pronoun
असौthat one
असौ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअसद्/अदस् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन — demonstrative “that (one)”
पितृसखः(the) friend of (our) father
पितृसखः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ (प्रातिपदिक) + सखि/सख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन — षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: “पितुः सखा” (friend of (our) father)
हिindeed
हि:
Nipata (Particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, निश्चय/हेतु-प्रदर्शक निपात (particle: indeed/for)
नौof us two
नौ:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, षष्ठी (6th/सम्बन्ध) द्विवचन (enclitic) — “of us two/our”

Rāma

Concept: Adharma’s violence (Rāvaṇa’s act) wounds the world, yet dharma responds through steadfast resolve and remembrance of the righteous (Jaṭāyus).

Application: Hold memory as moral compass: remember those who protected virtue; let grief become disciplined resolve rather than despair.

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: raudra

Type: forest

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"In the shadowed forest of Janasthāna, Rāma stands with eyes blazing and voice heavy with grief, pointing to the place of Sītā’s abduction. In the background, the fallen Jaṭāyus lies amid broken branches and scattered feathers, while the forest seems to hold its breath under a darkening sky.","primary_figures":["Rāma","Lakṣmaṇa","Sītā (as absence/echo)","Jaṭāyus","Rāvaṇa (implied, distant)"],"setting":"Dense Daṇḍaka forest with thorny undergrowth, snapped trees, and a clearing marked by struggle","lighting_mood":"stormy twilight with dramatic chiaroscuro","color_palette":["deep forest green","ashen gray","blood red","dusky violet","muted gold"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: Rāma with gold-leaf halo and bow, Lakṣmaṇa beside him, the fallen Jaṭāyus rendered with ornate feather detailing, forest stylized with rich greens and crimson accents, gold leaf highlighting divine presence amid tragedy, traditional iconographic posture conveying righteous fury and compassion.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: poignant forest clearing with delicate trees and subdued palette, Rāma’s face refined yet sorrowful, Jaṭāyus lying with softly painted feathers, distant sky turning violet-gray, emotional restraint expressed through posture and spacing.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlines, expressive eyes of Rāma conveying karuṇā and raudra, patterned forest backdrop, Jaṭāyus stylized with rhythmic feather motifs, strong red/yellow/green pigments with darkened sky band.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: symbolic composition—Rāma centered with ornate border of forest vines and lotus motifs, Jaṭāyus placed as a devotional martyr figure, deep indigo background with gold highlights, narrative panels suggesting the abduction without explicit violence."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"dramatic","suggested_raga":"Bhairavi","pace":"slow-meditative","voice_tone":"emotional","sound_elements":["ominous wind","distant thunder","forest silence","soft lament-like drone","occasional conch-like swell"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: योसौ = यः + असौ; राम उवाच = रामः + उवाच (visarga-lopa in recitation); पितृसखो = पितृसखः (प्रथमा एकवचन, विसर्ग-लोपः पदान्ते)।

R
Rāma
S
Sītā
R
Rāvaṇa
J
Jaṭāyus

FAQs

He refers to the abduction of Sītā by Rāvaṇa and the killing of Jaṭāyus during Sītā’s seizure.

Jaṭāyus is the vulture-hero who tried to stop Rāvaṇa and is remembered as a friend of Rāma’s father (Daśaratha), highlighting loyalty and sacrificial courage.

It contrasts adharma (Rāvaṇa’s violent abduction and killing) with dharma (Jaṭāyus’s protective duty and self-sacrifice), underscoring moral accountability for actions.