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Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 81

Vyākaraṇa-saṅgraha: Pada–Vibhakti–Kāraka–Lakāra–Samāsa

निविशादेस्तथा विप्र विजानीह्यात्मनेपदम् । परस्मैपदमाख्यातं शेषात्कर्तारि शाब्दिकैः ॥ ८१ ॥

niviśādestathā vipra vijānīhyātmanepadam | parasmaipadamākhyātaṃ śeṣātkartāri śābdikaiḥ || 81 ||

Ebenso, o Brāhmaṇa, wisse: Verben, die mit „niviś-“ (und dergleichen) beginnen, sind im Ātmanepada zu gebrauchen. Für die übrigen Verben erklären die Grammatiker, dass bei aktivem Sinn (kartari) das Parasmaipada zu verwenden ist.

निविशादेःof (the root) niviś and others
निविशादेः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootनिविश् (धातु)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; ‘आदि’-प्रत्ययेन (etc.) धातुगणनिर्देशः
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारवाचक-अव्यय
विप्रO brāhmaṇa
विप्र:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
विजानीहिknow/understand
विजानीहि:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (धातु)
Formलोट् (Imperative), परस्मैपदम्, मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; उपसर्गः वि-
आत्मनेपदम्the ātmanepada (middle voice)
आत्मनेपदम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मनेपद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन
परस्मैपदम्parasmaipada (active voice)
परस्मैपदम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपरस्मैपद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
आख्यातम्is declared/said
आख्यातम्:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootआ + ख्या (धातु)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle/कृदन्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; कर्मणि भावः
शेषात्from the remainder/otherwise
शेषात्:
Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootशेष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (Ablative/5th), एकवचन
कर्तारिwith the agent/when agent is intended
कर्तारि:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootकर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन; कर्तरि-प्रयोग/कर्तरि-निर्देश (locative of reference)
शाब्दिकैःby grammarians/linguists
शाब्दिकैः:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootशाब्दिक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन

Sanatkumara (teaching Narada in a technical Vedanga context)

Vrata: none

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: none

N
Narada
S
Sanatkumara

FAQs

It frames Vyākaraṇa (grammar) as disciplined knowledge: correct speech and correct rule-based understanding are presented as part of the broader Mokṣa-oriented training, where clarity of language supports clarity of meaning in śāstra.

Indirectly: by emphasizing precise śāstric language, it supports accurate recitation, study, and interpretation of devotional teachings—protecting bhakti practice from confusion caused by faulty wording or misunderstanding.

Vyākaraṇa (grammar): it gives a usage rule—certain verb roots (like niviś-) take Ātmanepada endings, while the remainder are taught as taking Parasmaipada in the kartari (active-agent) sense.