Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 6

Pūrṇimā Pūrṇa-vratas: Dharmarāja-vrata, Vaṭa-Sāvitrī-vrata, and Gopadma-vrata

Devanagari script

तिलैः सहसमाच्छाद्य वस्त्रैर्हेम्ना द्विजातये । यस्तु कृष्णाजिनं दद्यात्सत्कृत्य विधिपूर्वकम् ॥ ६ ॥

Transliteration

tilaiḥ sahasamācchādya vastrairhemnā dvijātaye | yastu kṛṣṇājinaṃ dadyātsatkṛtya vidhipūrvakam || 6 ||

Translation

Wer einen Dvija (Brāhmaṇa) gebührend ehrt und dann nach vorgeschriebener Weise ein schwarzes Antilopenfell (kṛṣṇājina) zusammen mit Sesam, Gewändern und Gold darbringt, erlangt großes Verdienst.

Word by Word

• तिलैः: with sesame seeds
• तिलैः: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तिल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• सह: together with
• सह: Sahārtha (सहार्थ/Association)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; सहार्थक (prepositional adverb ‘together with’)

• समाच्छाद्य: having covered
• समाच्छाद्य: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-छद् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive), अव्ययभाव (indeclinable verbal)

• वस्त्रैः: with cloths/garments
• वस्त्रैः: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वस्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• हेम्ना: with gold
• हेम्ना: Karaṇa (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हेमन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)

• द्विजातये: to a twice-born (Brahmin etc.)
• द्विजातये: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान/Dative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विजाति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), चतुर्थी (Dative/4th), एकवचन (Singular)

• यः: who
• यः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); सम्बन्धबोधक (relative pronoun)

• तु: indeed; but
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; अवधारण/विरोधसूचक (particle: but/indeed)

• कृष्णाजिनम्: black antelope-skin
• कृष्णाजिनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्ण (प्रातिपदिक) + अजिन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• दद्यात्: should give
• दद्यात्: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative/Potential), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular)

• सत्कृत्य: having honored
• सत्कृत्य: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-√कृ (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive) from सत्-√कृ (to honor); अव्ययभाव

• विधि-पूर्वकम्: according to rule; duly
• विधि-पूर्वकम्: Prakāra (प्रकार/Mode)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विधि (प्रातिपदिक) + पूर्वक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभावसमास; क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial)

Speaker

Narada (teaching in a dharma-instruction context)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

Characters & Entities

• Dvija (Brahmin)

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It teaches that charity becomes spiritually potent when it is offered with reverence (satkāra) and according to scriptural procedure (vidhi), especially when given to a qualified dvija.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

While framed as dāna, the emphasis on respectful offering and right intention aligns with bhakti-minded worship—treating the recipient with honor and making the act an offering performed with purity and rule.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

It reflects Kalpa (ritual procedure) principles: prescribed items, qualified recipient, and performance “vidhi-pūrvakam,” showing how correct ritual method governs religious giving.