Narada Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 47

The Explanation of the Twelve-Month Caturthī Vrata

Devanagari script

ततश्चंद्रोदये रात्रौ दत्त्वार्घं विधिपूर्वकम् । भुञ्जीत मिष्टमन्नं च व्रतस्य परिपूर्तये ॥ ४७ ॥

Transliteration

tataścaṃdrodaye rātrau dattvārghaṃ vidhipūrvakam | bhuñjīta miṣṭamannaṃ ca vratasya paripūrtaye || 47 ||

Translation

Dann, in der Nacht beim Mondaufgang, nachdem man das Arghya nach vorgeschriebener Weise dargebracht hat, soll man süße Speise zu sich nehmen, um das Gelübde ordnungsgemäß zu vollenden.

Word by Word

• ततः: thereafter
• ततः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय; तद्-प्रातिपदिकात्)
• Form: अव्यय, अपादान/अनन्तरार्थक (thereafter/from that time)

• चन्द्र-उदये: at moonrise
• चन्द्र-उदये: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चन्द्र + उदय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (चन्द्रस्य उदयः)

• रात्रौ: at night
• रात्रौ: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), एकवचन

• दत्त्वा: having offered
• दत्त्वा: Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Gerund/Absolutive), अव्यय; पूर्वक्रिया (having given/offered)

• अर्घम्: arghya offering
• अर्घम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्घ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• विधि-पूर्वकम्: in the prescribed manner
• विधि-पूर्वकम्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: विधि + पूर्वक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समासः; अव्यय, क्रियाविशेषण (according to rule)

• भुञ्जीत: should eat
• भुञ्जीत: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भुज् (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

• मिष्टम्: sweet/pleasant
• मिष्टम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मिष्ट (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; अन्नम् इति विशेष्येण सह

• अन्नम्: food
• अन्नम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयार्थक (conjunction)

• व्रतस्य: of the vow
• व्रतस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्रत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन

• परिपूर्तये: for the completion
• परिपूर्तये: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परि + पूर्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी (4th/चतुर्थी), एकवचन

Speaker

Narada (teaching ritual procedure within the Narada Purana narrative frame)

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhakti

Characters & Entities

• Chandra (Moon)

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It teaches that a vow (vrata) is completed not merely by austerity, but by concluding it correctly—honouring the deity/time-marker (moonrise) with arghya and then taking sanctified food in accordance with vidhi.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti here is expressed as disciplined reverence: offering arghya with proper intent and procedure, and receiving food as prasada-like completion of the observance rather than as indulgence.

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

Kalpa (ritual procedure) is implicit through “vidhi-pūrvakam,” and Jyotiṣa (time-keeping/astral markers) is indicated by timing the rite at candrodaya (moonrise).