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Shloka 19

Adhyaya 6Balarama’s Dilemma, Drunken Wanderings in Revata’s Grove, and the Slaying of the Suta

प्रियपुत्रैश्चातकैश्च तथान्यैर्विविधैः खगैः ।

श्रोत्ररम्यं सुमधुरं कूजद्भिश्चाप्यधिष्ठितम् ॥

priyaputrair cātakaiś ca tathānyair vividhaiḥ khagaiḥ |

śrotra-ramyaṃ su-madhuraṃ kūjadbhiś cāpy adhiṣṭhitam ||

Dort lebten Cātaka-Vögel und viele andere Vogelarten, die mit dem Ohr erfreuenden Lauten zwitscherten, überaus süß.

priya-putraiḥwith dear sons
priya-putraiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootpriya (प्रातिपदिक) + putra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); समासः—कर्मधारय (प्रियाः पुत्राः यस्य/ये)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction/समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय
ātakaiḥwith cātaka birds
ātakaiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootātaka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction/समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय
tathālikewise
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb/प्रकारवाचक अव्यय
anyaiḥwith other
anyaiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeAdjective
Rootanya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter (agreeing with खगैः), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
vividhaiḥvarious
vividhaiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeAdjective
Rootvividha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter (agreeing with खगैः), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
khagaiḥwith birds
khagaiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootkhaga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
śrotra-ramyampleasing to the ear
śrotra-ramyam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootśrotra (प्रातिपदिक) + ramya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (श्रोत्रस्य रम्यम्)
su-madhuramvery sweet
su-madhuram:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + madhura (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); समासः—कर्मधारय (अत्यन्तं मधुरम्)
kūjadbhiḥby (birds) cooing/chirping
kūjadbhiḥ:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeAdjective
Rootkūj (धातु) + śatṛ (कृदन्त प्रत्यय)
FormPresent active participle/शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); (पुं/नपुं) खगैः सह विशेषणम्
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction/समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय
apialso
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle/सम्भावना-समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय
adhiṣṭhitaminhabited/occupied
adhiṣṭhitam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootadhi-√sthā (स्था धातु) + kta (क्त प्रत्यय)
FormPast passive participle/क्त-प्रत्ययान्त; Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); (वनम्/स्थलम् इत्यादि) विशेषणम्
Narratorial description (frame-story setting; no direct speech signaled in this verse alone)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Frame narrativeAshrama/grove atmosphereAuspicious natural imagerySound (śabda) as aesthetic marker

FAQs

The verse uses the sweetness of birdsong to mark a sattvic, auspicious environment—suggesting that refinement of surroundings (and what one hears) supports composure, contemplation, and dharmic living.

This verse is not directly sarga/pratisarga/vamśa/manvantara/vamśānucarita; it functions as narrative embellishment (ākhyāna-style setting description) that supports the puranic frame rather than presenting a pancalakshana item.

Birds and their ‘kūjita’ (chirping) can symbolize the manifold voices of living beings within prakṛti; ‘śrotra-ramya’ hints at disciplined reception of sound—an outer analogue to inner śabda that steadies the mind for instruction and insight.