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Shloka 24

Adhyaya 49Primordial Human Creation, the Rise of Desire, and the Origins of Settlements, Measures, and Agriculture

तत्वारि तु सहस्राणि वर्षाणां मानुषाणि तु ।

आयुः प्रमाणं जीवन्ति न च क्लेशाद्विपत्तयः ॥

tatvāri tu sahasrāṇi varṣāṇāṃ mānuṣāṇi tu /

āyuḥ pramāṇaṃ jīvanti na ca kleśādvipattayaḥ

Das Maß ihres Lebens betrug viertausend Menschenjahre; sie lebten diese Spanne vollständig, und es gab kein Unglück, das aus Krankheit oder Bedrängnis entsprang.

तत्that
तत्:
विशेषण (qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; विशेषण (निर्देशक)
वारिwater
वारि:
कर्ता/विषय (subject/topic)
TypeNoun
Rootवारि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
तुbut/indeed
तु:
सम्बन्ध (discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधान/विरोधार्थक-निपात
सहस्राणिthousands
सहस्राणि:
प्रमाण (measure/quantifier)
TypeNoun
Rootसहस्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; संख्यावाचक
वर्षाणाम्of years
वर्षाणाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन
मानुषाणिhuman (i.e., in human years)
मानुषाणि:
विशेषण (qualifier of ‘years’)
TypeAdjective
Rootमानुष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन; विशेषण
तुindeed
तु:
सम्बन्ध (discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधान-निपात
आयुःlifespan
आयुः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootआयुस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
प्रमाणम्measure, standard
प्रमाणम्:
कर्म/पूरक (complement)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमाण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; विधेय (predicative object/complement)
जीवन्तिlive
जीवन्ति:
क्रिया (Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootजीव् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
not
:
निषेध (negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध-निपात (negation)
and
:
समुच्चय (coordination)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय-निपात
क्लेशात्from distress, due to affliction
क्लेशात्:
अपादान (Apādāna/ablative cause-source)
TypeNoun
Rootक्लेश (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/पञ्चमी), एकवचन
विपत्तयःcalamities, misfortunes
विपत्तयः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootविपत्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), बहुवचन
Narrative voice within the Purana’s cosmological account
LongevityKleśa (affliction)Idealized epoch

FAQs

Suffering and ‘vipatti’ are not intrinsic to embodiment; they are contingent on the moral-cosmic condition of an age. As order declines, lifespan contracts and afflictions multiply.

Manvantara/Pratisarga-style epochal metrics: lifespan standards and the quality of life in a given world-phase.

‘No kleśa-born calamities’ suggests a psyche not dominated by the kleśas (avidyā, asmitā, rāga, dveṣa, abhiniveśa); cosmology here mirrors yogic psychology.