Shloka 40

Adhyaya 40 — The Yogin’s Impediments (Upasargas), Subtle Concentrations, and the Eight Siddhis

Sanskrit

परेण ब्रह्मणा तद्वत् प्राप्यैक्यं दग्धकिल्विषः ।

योगी याति पृथग्भावं न कदाचिन्महीपते ॥

Transliteration

pareṇa brahmaṇā tadvat prāpyaikyaṃ dagdha-kilviṣaḥ / yogī yāti pṛthagbhāvaṃ na kadācin mahīpate

Translation

Ebenso kehrt der Yogin, nachdem er die Einheit mit dem höchsten Brahman erlangt hat—seine Sünden sind verbrannt—niemals wieder in die Getrenntheit zurück, o Herr der Erde.

Word by Word

• pareṇa: by/with the supreme
• pareṇa: Viseṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: para (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसक/पुं (agreeing with ‘brahmaṇā’ as neuter), तृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental), एकवचन; विशेषण

• brahmaṇā: with Brahman
• brahmaṇā: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति (Instrumental), एकवचन

• tadvat: likewise
• tadvat: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tad-vat (अव्ययवत्)
• Form: अव्यय; ‘likewise/in that manner’

• prāpya: having attained
• prāpya: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: pra+√āp (धातु) + ल्यप् (क्त्वा-प्रत्यय)
• Form: ल्यप्-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययीभाव (gerund/absolutive): “having attained”

• aikyam: oneness
• aikyam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: aikya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति, एकवचन

• dagdha-kilviṣaḥ: whose sins are burnt away
• dagdha-kilviṣaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dagdha-kilviṣa (प्रातिपदिक: दग्ध + किल्विष)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण of ‘yogī’; समासः—कर्मधारयः (“sin burnt”)

• yogī: the yogin
• yogī: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yogin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति, एकवचन

• yāti: goes, returns
• yāti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √yā (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present indicative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• pṛthag-bhāvam: separate existence
• pṛthag-bhāvam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pṛthag-bhāva (प्रातिपदिक: पृथक् + भाव)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः (अव्यय-तत्पुरुष: ‘state of separateness’)

• na: never/not
• na: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध

• kadācin: at any time, ever
• kadācin: Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: kadā-cit (अव्यय: कदा + चित्)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक (temporal adverb: ‘ever/at any time’)

• mahīpate: O lord of the earth (king)
• mahīpate: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahīpati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन

Speakers

• Teacher addressing a king (mahīpati)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Moksha
• Brahman
• Karma burned
• Non-return

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Liberation is irreversible: once the roots of bondage (kilviṣa/avidyā) are destroyed, the liberated do not revert to separative identity. This encourages perseverance in practice rather than oscillation between commitment and doubt.

How does this fit the Pancalakṣaṇa (5 characteristics)?

Mokṣa-upadeśa; not pancalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

‘Burnt sins’ suggests not mere moral cleansing but eradication of causal seeds (bīja) that generate rebirth; ‘no separateness’ indicates stabilization in non-dual realization.