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Shloka 18

Adhyaya 25Madālāsā’s Return, Royal Succession, and the First Teaching to Vikrānta

यानं क्षितौ यानगतञ्च देहं देहेऽपि चान्यः पुरुषो निविष्टः ।

ममत्वबुद्धिर्न तथा यथा स्वे देहेऽतिमात्रं बत मूढतैषा ॥

yānaṃ kṣitau yānagatañ ca dehaṃ dehe 'pi cānyaḥ puruṣo niviṣṭaḥ / mamatvabuddhir na tathā yathā sve dehe 'timātraṃ bata mūḍhataiṣā

Der Wagen steht auf dem Boden, und der Körper ist im Wagen; und im Körper sitzt zudem ein weiterer „Mensch“ (das Selbst, Ātman). Doch das Besitzergreifen ist dem Wagen gegenüber nicht so stark wie dem eigenen Körper gegenüber—ach, das ist übermäßige Verblendung.

यानम्a vehicle
यानम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयान (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
क्षितौon the ground
क्षितौ:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootक्षिति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)
यान-गतम्gone into/placed in the vehicle
यान-गतम्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootयान (प्रातिपदिक) + गत (कृदन्त; गम् धातु)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (determinative; ‘yāne gataḥ’), क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular) — देहम् इति विशेषणम्
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
देहम्the body
देहम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootदेह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा/द्वितीया? (contextually predicate/subject complement; form = Accusative/2nd singular), एकवचन (Singular)
देहेin the body
देहे:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootदेह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)
अपिalso
अपि:
Avyaya-bhāva (अव्ययभाव/Particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formसम्भावना/समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (particle: also/even)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)
अन्यःanother, distinct
अन्यः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular) — पुरुषः इति विशेषणम्
पुरुषःperson (self)
पुरुषः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
निविष्टःseated/entered
निविष्टः:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate as participle)
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-विश् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past participle), पुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular) — पुरुषः इति विशेषणम्
ममत्व-बुद्धिःthe notion of ‘mine-ness’
ममत्व-बुद्धिः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootममत्व (प्रातिपदिक) + बुद्धि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुषसमास (determinative; ‘mamatvasya buddhiḥ’), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
not
:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध/Negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negation)
तथाso, to that extent
तथा:
Avyaya-bhāva (अव्ययभाव/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा (अव्यय)
Formप्रकारार्थक-अव्यय (adverb: so, thus)
यथाas
यथा:
Avyaya-bhāva (अव्ययभाव/Correlative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formउपमान/तुलनार्थक-अव्यय (correlative: as)
स्वेin one’s own
स्वे:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular) — देहे इति विशेषणम्
देहेin the body
देहे:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootदेह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुल्लिङ्ग (Masculine), सप्तमी (Locative/7th), एकवचन (Singular)
अति-मात्रम्excessively, beyond measure
अति-मात्रम्:
Avyaya-bhāva (अव्ययभाव/Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअति (अव्यय/उपसर्ग) + मात्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभावसमास (adverbial; ‘ati mātram’), अव्ययवत् प्रयोग (indeclinable usage)
बतalas/indeed
बत:
Bhāva (भाव/Exclamation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबत (अव्यय)
Formविस्मय/खेदार्थक-अव्यय (exclamatory particle)
मूढताdelusion
मूढता:
Karta (कर्ता/Predicate nominative)
TypeNoun
Rootमूढता (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
एषाthis
एषा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject complement)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम (pronoun), स्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
Madālasā to her child

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Ātman vs. bodyUpamā (chariot analogy)Non-attachmentSelf-inquiry

FAQs

Treat the body as an instrument rather than the self; excessive ‘mine-ness’ toward the body is the root of fear and bondage.

Upākhyāna-based spiritual instruction; not a direct pancalakṣaṇa category.

Layered ‘vehicle’ imagery implies nested sheaths (upādhis): ground → vehicle → body → indweller; meditation shifts identity inward from outer supports to the witness.