Shloka 49

Adhyaya 16 — The Son’s Counsel on Renunciation and the Anasuya–Mandavya Episode: The Suspension of Sunrise and the Power of Pativrata

Sanskrit

तस्मात् पतिव्रतामत्रेरनुभूयां तपस्विनीम् ।

प्रसादयत वै पत्नीं भानोरुदयकाम्यया ॥

Transliteration

tasmāt pativratām atrer anubhūyāṃ tapasvinīm | prasādayata vai patnīṃ bhānor udayakāmyayā ||

Translation

Darum, um den Sonnenaufgang zu erlangen, geht hin und besänftigt die Asketin, Atris pativratā-Gattin — Anasūyā.

Word by Word

• तस्मात्: therefore, from that
• तस्मात्: अपादान (Source/therefore)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/पञ्चमी), एकवचन

• पतिव्रताम्: the devoted wife
• पतिव्रताम्: कर्म (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पतिव्रता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; समासः—पति+व्रता (तत्पुरुषः)

• अत्रेः: of Atri
• अत्रेः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अत्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन

• अनुभूयाम्: experience/approach (her)
• अनुभूयाम्: क्रिया (Verb—injunction)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु+भू (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष (2nd), बहुवचन; वैदिक/आर्ष-रूप (अनुभवतु/अनुभवेत् इत्यर्थे)

• तपस्विनीम्: the ascetic woman
• तपस्विनीम्: विशेषण (Adjectival)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तपस्विनी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifier of पतिव्रताम्)

• प्रसादयत: propitiate, please
• प्रसादयत: क्रिया (Verb—injunction)
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र+सद् (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), परस्मैपद, मध्यमपुरुष (2nd), बहुवचन

• वै: indeed
• वै: निपात (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै (अव्यय)
• Form: निश्चयार्थक-अव्यय (emphatic particle)

• पत्नीम्: the wife
• पत्नीम्: कर्म (Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पत्नी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

• भानोः: of the Sun
• भानोः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भानु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), एकवचन

• उदयकाम्यया: with the desire for (his) rising
• उदयकाम्यया: करण/हेतु (Instrument/means—by desire)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदय+काम्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; समासः—उदयस्य काम्या (तत्पुरुषः)

Speakers

• Prajāpati to the Devas

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Primary Deities

• Prajāpati
• Sūrya (Bhānu/Divākara)
• Anasūyā
• Atri
• Devas

Shakti Aspects

• Pativratā-śakti centered in Anasūyā

Key Themes

• Tapas
• Pativratā-mahātmyam
• Restoration of cosmic order
• Dharma

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Even the gods must approach virtue with humility. The remedy for cosmic disorder is not coercion but reverent reconciliation with dharma embodied in a saintly life.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Vaṃśānucarita-adjacent (involving Atri and his household) yet primarily a dharma narrative emphasizing the efficacy of vrata and tapas.

What is the esoteric significance?

The instruction indicates that ‘illumination’ (sunrise) returns when the higher disciplined principle (tapas/vrata) is honored—suggesting alignment with higher order restores inner and outer rhythms.