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Shloka 25

Adhyaya 11The Son’s Discourse on Embryogenesis, Birth, and the Wheel of Saṃsāra

नरकेषु महद्दुःखमेतद् यत् स्वर्गवासिनः ।

दृश्यन्ते तात मोदन्ते पात्यमानाश्च नारकाः ॥

narakeṣu mahad duḥkham etad yat svargavāsinaḥ | dṛśyante tāta modante pātyamānāś ca nārakāḥ ||

Dies ist ein großes Leiden in den Höllen: dass man, o Geliebter, die Bewohner des Himmels jubelnd sieht—während die Höllenwesen hinabgestürzt werden.

नरकेषुin the hells
नरकेषु:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootनरक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (Locative), बहुवचन (plural)
महत्great
महत्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formविशेषण, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nom), एकवचन; दुःखम् इति विशेष्यस्य विशेषणम्
दुःखम्suffering
दुःखम्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन
एतत्this
एतत्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nom), एकवचन; 'दुःखम्' इत्यस्य विशेषण/निर्देशक
यत्that which
यत्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक (relative pronoun: 'that which')
स्वर्गवासिनःheaven-dwellers
स्वर्गवासिनः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग-वासिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष: स्वर्गे वासिनः (those dwelling in heaven)
दृश्यन्तेare seen
दृश्यन्ते:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive sense: 'are seen')
तातO dear (sir)
तात:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootतात (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन
मोदन्तेrejoice
मोदन्ते:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootमुद् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन
पात्यमानाःbeing hurled down
पात्यमानाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootपत् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त, शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि (present passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; अर्थ: 'being made to fall/being hurled down'
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक
नारकाःthe hell-beings (denizens of hell)
नारकाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनारक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), बहुवचन
Not specified in excerpt; term of address 'tāta' indicates a teacher-to-student tone within the dialogue.

{ "primaryRasa": "karuna", "secondaryRasa": "bhayanaka", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Naraka descriptionComparative suffering (envy/contrast)Karmic consequenceMoral psychology

FAQs

Suffering is intensified by comparison and awareness of others’ joy; the verse cautions against actions that lead to such states and implicitly critiques envy and attachment to status-based pleasure.

Ethical instruction on karmic outcomes (dharma-phala); not directly Sarga/Manvantara/Vaṃśa, but supportive of the Purāṇic goal of moral formation.

The ‘seeing’ of heaven while falling suggests consciousness can remain lucid amidst suffering; this can be read as a warning that awareness without wisdom becomes torment—true relief comes from transforming the causes (karma and ignorance).