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Shloka 40

Dhaumya’s Counsel on Incognito Conduct in a Royal Household (राजवसतौ आचरण-निति)

प्रगृहीतश्च॒ यो5मात्यो निगृहीतस्त्वकारणै: । न निर्वदति राजानं लभते सम्पदं पुन:,यदि कोई मन्त्री पहले राजाका कृपापात्र रहा हो और पीछे अकारण उसे दण्ड भोगना पड़ा हो, उस दशामें भी जो राजाकी निन्दा नहीं करता, वह पुनः अपने पूर्व वैभवको प्राप्त कर लेता है। जो बुद्धिमान्‌ राजाके आश्रित रहकर जीवननिर्वाह अथवा उसके राज्यमें निवास करता है, उसे राजाके सामने अथवा पीठ पीछे भी उसके गुणोंकी ही चर्चा करनी चाहिये

pragṛhītaś ca yo 'mātyo nigṛhītas tv akāraṇaiḥ | na nirvadati rājānaṃ labhate sampadaṃ punaḥ ||

Dhaumya sprach: Selbst wenn ein Minister, der einst in der Gunst des Königs stand, später ohne Grund bestraft wird — wenn er den König nicht schmäht, erlangt er seinen Wohlstand wieder. Der Weise, der vom Schutz des Königs lebt oder in dessen Reich wohnt, soll nur von den Tugenden des Königs sprechen, sei es in seiner Gegenwart oder hinter seinem Rücken.

प्रगृहीतःformerly favored/accepted
प्रगृहीतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-ग्रह् (गृहीत)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अमात्यःminister
अमात्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअमात्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निगृहीतःrestrained/punished
निगृहीतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-ग्रह् (गृहीत)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अकारणैःby/for no reasons; without cause
अकारणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअ-कारण
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
निर्वदतिspeaks ill of/blames
निर्वदति:
TypeVerb
Rootनिर्-वद्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजानम्the king
राजानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
लभतेobtains
लभते:
TypeVerb
Rootलभ्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
सम्पदम्prosperity/fortune
सम्पदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसम्पद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः

धौग्य उवाच

D
Dhaumya
K
king (rājā)
M
minister (amātya)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches restraint in speech and steadfast loyalty within royal service: even when treated unjustly, a minister should avoid reviling the king; such self-control and adherence to duty are said to restore one’s lost standing and prosperity.

Dhaumya delivers a rāja-nīti maxim in the Virāṭa Parva context, offering counsel about how those dependent on a ruler should conduct themselves—especially under adversity—by maintaining respectful speech about the king both publicly and privately.