Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 74

Kṛṣṇa at Duryodhana’s House: Refusal of Hospitality and Departure to Vidura (कृष्णस्य धार्तराष्ट्रनिवेशनगमनम्)

पराश्रया वासुदेव या जीवति धिगस्तु ताम्‌ । वृत्ते: कार्पण्यलब्धाया अप्रतिष्ठेव ज्यायसी,*वासुदेव! जो स्त्री दूसरोंके आश्रित होकर जीवन-निर्वाह करती है, उसे धिक्कार है। दीनतासे प्राप्त हुई जीविकाकी अपेक्षा तो मर जाना ही उत्तम है

parāśrayā vāsudeva yā jīvati dhig astu tām | vṛtteḥ kārpaṇya-labdhāyā apratiṣṭheva jyāyasī ||

Vaiśampāyana sprach: „O Vāsudeva, Schande über jene Frau, die lebt, indem sie von anderen abhängt. Gegenüber einem Lebensunterhalt, der aus Elend und bettelnder Abhängigkeit gewonnen wird—ohne Würde—ist der Tod selbst der bessere Weg.“

पराश्रयाdependent on others
पराश्रया:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपराश्रय (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
वासुदेवO Vāsudeva
वासुदेव:
TypeNoun
Rootवासुदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
याwho
या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
जीवतिlives
जीवति:
TypeVerb
Rootजीव् (धातु)
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
धिक्shame! fie!
धिक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootधिक् (अव्यय)
अस्तुlet there be
अस्तु:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
FormImperative, Imperative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
ताम्her
ताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वृत्तेःthan livelihood; from livelihood
वृत्तेः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Ablative, Singular
कार्पण्य-लब्धायाःobtained through wretchedness/poverty
कार्पण्य-लब्धायाः:
Apadana
TypeAdjective
Rootकार्पण्य-लब्धा (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Ablative, Singular
अप्रतिष्ठाdeath (lit. loss of standing/support)
अप्रतिष्ठा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअप्रतिष्ठा (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
इवas if; like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
ज्यायसीbetter; superior
ज्यायसी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootज्यायस् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
V
Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse upholds personal dignity (pratiṣṭhā) and condemns a life sustained through humiliating dependence; it asserts that a livelihood gained through abjectness is ethically inferior even to death, emphasizing honor and self-reliance as dharmic values.

In the Udyoga Parva’s pre-war deliberations, Vaiśampāyana narrates a pointed moral statement addressed to Vāsudeva (Kṛṣṇa), using the example of a woman living under others’ support to stress the disgrace of undignified dependence and the primacy of honor.