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Shloka 13

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 28: Dharmādharmalakṣaṇa in Āpad

Crisis-Discernment of Right and Wrong

जिन्होंने देवताओंमें श्रेष्ठ स्थान पानेकी इच्छासे तन्‍्द्रारहित होकर ब्रह्मचर्य-व्रतका पालन किया था, वे महातेजस्वी बलसूदन इन्द्र भी आलस्य छोड़कर (कर्मपरायण होकर ही) मेघगर्जनाद्वारा आकाश तथा दिशाओंको गुँजाते हुए समय-समयपर वर्षा करते हैं ।।

hitvā sukhaṁ manasaś ca priyāṇi tena śakraḥ karmaṇā śraiṣṭhyam āpa | satyaṁ dharmaṁ pālayann apramatto damaṁ titikṣāṁ samatāṁ priyaṁ ca ||

Vāyu sprach: Indem Śakra (Indra) persönlichen Komfort und alles, was dem Geist lieb ist, aufgab, erlangte er durch die Kraft disziplinierter Tat die höchste Vollkommenheit. Stets wachsam wahrte er Wahrheit und Dharma und übte Selbstbeherrschung, Duldsamkeit, Gleichmut sowie ein Verhalten, das allen angenehm und heilsam ist. So wird Indras Vorrang unter den Göttern als Frucht anhaltender sittlicher Anstrengung dargestellt, nicht als Ergebnis der Hingabe an Bequemlichkeit.

हित्वाhaving abandoned
हित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहा (त्यागे)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
सुखम्pleasure, comfort
सुखम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मनसःof the mind
मनसः:
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
प्रियाणिdear things
प्रियाणि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
तेनby that, thereby
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
शक्रःŚakra (Indra)
शक्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशक्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कर्मणाby action, by deeds
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
श्रैष्ठ्यम्excellence, supremacy
श्रैष्ठ्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्रैष्ठ्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आपattained
आप:
TypeVerb
Rootआप् (प्राप्तौ)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सत्यम्truth
सत्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धर्मम्dharma, righteousness
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पालयन्protecting, observing
पालयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootपालय् (पालने) / पाल्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
अप्रमत्तःvigilant, not negligent
अप्रमत्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रमत्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दमम्self-control
दमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तितिक्षाम्forbearance
तितिक्षाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतितिक्षा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
समताम्equanimity
समताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसमता
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्रियम्what is pleasing / kind conduct
प्रियम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyu (Vāyudeva)
Ś
Śakra (Indra)

Educational Q&A

Supremacy and true excellence arise from renouncing indulgent comfort and steadily practicing dharma: truthfulness, vigilant responsibility, self-restraint, endurance, and equanimity. The verse frames greatness as the result of ethical discipline (karma aligned with dharma), not mere privilege.

Vāyu cites Indra as an exemplar: by giving up personal pleasures and remaining alert in righteous conduct, Indra attained preeminence among the gods. The statement functions as moral instruction within the Udyoga Parva’s counsel-oriented setting.