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Shloka 24

Saṃsāra-mārga-vistaraḥ

Vidura’s Expanded Account of the Path

शीलरश्मिसमायुक्त: स्थितो यो मानसे रथे । त्यक्त्वा मृत्युभयं राजन्‌ ब्रह्मलोक॑ स गच्छति,भरतनन्दन! इसलिये सर्वत्र मैत्रीभाव रखते हुए शील प्राप्त करना चाहिये। दम, त्याग और अप्रमाद--ये तीन परमात्माके धाममें ले जानेवाले घोड़े हैं। जो मनुष्य शीलरूपी लगामको पकड़कर इन तीनों घोड़ोंसे जुते हुए मनरूपी रथपर सवार होता है, वह मृत्युका भय छोड़कर ब्रह्मलोकमें चला जाता है

śīlaraśmisamāyuktaḥ sthito yo mānase rathe | tyaktvā mṛtyubhayaṁ rājan brahmalokaṁ sa gacchati ||

Vidura sprach: O König, wer fest auf dem Wagen des Geistes steht, versehen mit den Zügeln guter Lebensführung, und—an diese Disziplin gebunden—die drei Rosse Selbstzucht, Entsagung und wachsame Achtsamkeit lenkt, wirft die Furcht vor dem Tod ab und erreicht die Welt des Brahman. Darum soll man den Charakter pflegen und dabei Freundschaft zu allen Wesen bewahren.

शीलरश्मि-समायुक्तःendowed/connected with the reins of good conduct
शीलरश्मि-समायुक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशीलरश्मि + समायुक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्थितःseated/standing (placed)
स्थितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्था (धातु) → स्थित (क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मानसेin the mental (mind-made)
मानसे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootमानस
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
रथेin/on the chariot
रथे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
त्यक्त्वाhaving abandoned
त्यक्त्वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootत्यज् (धातु) → त्यक्त्वा (क्त्वा)
FormGerund (absolutive)
मृत्यु-भयम्fear of death
मृत्यु-भयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु + भय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
ब्रह्म-लोकम्the world of Brahman (Brahmaloka)
ब्रह्म-लोकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् + लोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गच्छतिgoes
गच्छति:
TypeVerb
Rootगम् (धातु)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
भरत-नन्दनO descendant/delighter of Bharata
भरत-नन्दन:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत + नन्दन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
R
rājan (the King, i.e., Dhṛtarāṣṭra in context)
B
brahmaloka
M
mānasa-ratha (chariot of the mind)
Ś
śīla-raśmi (reins of good conduct)
D
dama
T
tyāga
A
apramāda
M
mṛtyu-bhaya (fear of death)

Educational Q&A

Moral character (śīla) is the governing rein of life; when the mind is guided by śīla and powered by self-control (dama), renunciation (tyāga), and vigilant heedfulness (apramāda), one transcends fear of death and moves toward the highest spiritual goal (brahmaloka).

In Strī Parva, amid grief and moral reckoning after the war, Vidura instructs the king with a vivid metaphor: the mind is a chariot, virtues are its reins and horses, and disciplined inner governance leads beyond mortal fear to spiritual attainment.