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Shloka 5

राष्ट्रगुप्ति-संग्रहः

Protection of the Realm and Principles of Revenue & Local Administration

सो<पि विंशत्यधिपतिर्वत्तं जानपदे जने । ग्रामाणां शतपालाय सर्वमेव निवेदयेत्‌

so 'pi viṁśaty-adhipatir vṛttaṁ jānapade jane | grāmāṇāṁ śata-pālāya sarvam eva nivedayet ||

Bhīṣma sprach: «Ebenso soll der Beamte, der über zwanzig Dörfer gesetzt ist, den gesamten Stand der Dinge unter den Menschen seines Bezirks ermitteln und alles dem Aufseher melden, der für hundert Dörfer verantwortlich ist.» Der Vers schildert eine abgestufte Kette administrativer Rechenschaft, damit örtliche Verhältnisse und Vergehen bekannt, verzeichnet und ohne Verheimlichung nach oben weitergegeben werden — damit die Herrschaft Ordnung und Gerechtigkeit dient und nicht der Willkür.

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
विंशति-अधिपतिःthe superintendent of twenty (villages)
विंशति-अधिपतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधिपति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वृत्तम्account/report; happenings
वृत्तम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्त
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
जानपदेin the district/country (jurisdiction)
जानपदे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootजानपद
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
जनेamong the people
जने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
ग्रामाणाम्of villages
ग्रामाणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootग्राम
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
शत-पालायto the overseer of a hundred (villages)
शत-पालाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपाल
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
सर्वम्everything
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
निवेदयेत्should report/submit
निवेदयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-विद्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
J
janapada (district)
V
vimsaty-adhipati (officer of twenty villages)
S
sata-pala (officer of a hundred villages)
G
grama (village)
J
jana (people)

Educational Q&A

A ruler’s administration should be structured with clear tiers of responsibility: each local officer must investigate conditions and wrongdoing in his jurisdiction and report fully to the higher authority, ensuring transparency and effective justice.

Bhishma is instructing on statecraft in the Shanti Parva, describing how reports should move upward from smaller to larger administrative units—here, from the officer of twenty villages to the officer of a hundred—so the kingdom remains informed and well-governed.