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Shloka 23

Adhyāya 33 — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Post-Conflict Remorse and Inquiry on Āśrama Discipline (शोक-विमर्शः, आश्रम-जिज्ञासा)

जैसे लोहार या बढ़ईका बनाया हुआ यन्त्र सदा उसके चालकके अधीन रहता है, उसी प्रकार यह सारा जगत्‌ कालयुक्त कर्मकी प्रेरणासे ही सचेष्ट हो रहा है ।।

vyāsa uvāca | yathā lohakāraḥ sūtrakāraḥ vā kṛtaṃ yantraṃ sadā tasya cālakasyādhīnaṃ tiṣṭhati, tathā idaṃ sarvaṃ jagat kālayukta-karma-preraṇayāiva saceṣṭaṃ bhavati || puruṣasya hi dṛṣṭvemām utpattim animittataḥ | yadṛcchayā vināśaṃ ca śoka-harṣāv anarthakau ||

Vyāsa sprach: Wie ein Gerät, das ein Schmied oder ein Zimmermann gefertigt hat, stets der Hand dessen untersteht, der es bedient, so wird auch diese ganze Welt nur durch den Anstoß des mit kāla, der Zeit, verbundenen Karma in Bewegung gesetzt. Sieht man, dass die Geburt eines Menschen ohne erkennbaren Grund entsteht und dass auch der Untergang plötzlich durch bloßen Zufall eintritt, dann werden Trauer und Jubel gegenstandslos.

पुरुषस्यof a man/person
पुरुषस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
इमाम्this
इमाम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
उत्पत्तिम्origin/birth
उत्पत्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउत्पत्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अनिमित्ततःwithout (any) cause; causelessly
अनिमित्ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनिमित्त
Formतसिल्-प्रत्यय (ablatival adverb)
यदृच्छयाby chance; by happenstance
यदृच्छया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयदृच्छा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
विनाशम्destruction
विनाशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविनाश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शोकहर्षौgrief and joy
शोकहर्षौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशोकहर्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
अनर्थकौfutile/purposeless
अनर्थकौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनर्थक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
K
kāla (Time)
K
karma (action)
Y
yantra (mechanism/device)
L
lohakāra (smith)
S
sūtrakāra (carpenter/artisan)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches equanimity: since worldly events proceed under the prompting of Time and the momentum of action, and since birth and death appear to occur without a clearly graspable cause, excessive grief or elation is ethically unhelpful; one should act rightly while remaining inwardly steady.

In the didactic discourse of the Śānti Parva, Vyāsa offers a philosophical analogy—like a machine controlled by its operator—to explain how the world’s activity is driven by Kāla and karma, advising the listener to abandon futile emotional extremes.