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Shloka 86

Adhyātma–Adhibhūta–Adhidaivata Correspondences and the Triguṇa Lakṣaṇas (Śānti-parva 301)

इन्द्रियाण्येव बुध्यन्ते स्वदेहे देहिनां नूप । कारणान्यात्मनस्तानि सूक्ष्म: पश्यति तैस्तु सः,नरेश्वर! देहधारियोंके अपने-अपने शरीरमें जो इन्द्रियाँ हैं, वे ही विशेष-विशेष विषयोंको देखती या अनुभव करती हैं; वे ही आत्माको विभिन्न ज्ञान करानेमें कारण हैं; क्योंकि वह सूक्ष्म आत्मा उन इन्द्रियोंद्वारा ही बाह्य विषयोंका दर्शन या प्रकाशन करता है (मुक्तावस्थामें मन और इन्द्रियोंसे सम्बन्ध न रहनेके कारण ही उसमें इन्द्रियजनित विशेष ज्ञानका अभाव देखा जाता है)

indriyāṇy eva budhyante svadehe dehināṁ nūpa | kāraṇāny ātmanas tāni sūkṣmaḥ paśyati tais tu saḥ, nareśvara |

Bhīṣma sprach: „O König, allein die Sinne, die im eigenen Leib jedes verkörperten Wesens ihren Sitz haben, erfassen ihre jeweiligen Gegenstände. Eben diese Sinne werden zu den Werkzeugen, die die vielfältigen Erkenntnisse des Selbst veranlassen; denn das feine Selbst ‚sieht‘ und macht äußere Dinge nur durch sie offenbar, o Herr der Menschen.“

इन्द्रियाणिthe senses
इन्द्रियाणि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
बुध्यन्तेare perceived/are cognized
बुध्यन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Plural
स्वदेहेin (one's) own body
स्वदेहे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वदेह
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
देहिनाम्of embodied beings
देहिनाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootदेहिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
नृपO king
नृप:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कारणानिcauses/instruments
कारणानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकारण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
आत्मनःof the Self
आत्मनः:
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तानिthose (i.e., the senses)
तानि:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
सूक्ष्मःsubtle
सूक्ष्मः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसूक्ष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पश्यतिsees/perceives
पश्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
तैःby/through them
तैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
सःhe/that (Self)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नरेश्वरO lord of men
नरेश्वर:
TypeNoun
Rootनरेश्वर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
K
King (Yudhiṣṭhira, implied addressee)
Ā
ātman (self)
I
indriyas (senses)
D
deha (body)

Educational Q&A

Perception and particularized knowledge arise through the senses; the subtle self does not directly grasp external objects without these instruments. This supports the ethical-spiritual point that mastery or withdrawal of the senses changes the field of experience, and in liberation the absence of sense-contact implies the absence of sense-born distinctions.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and liberation, Bhīṣma continues teaching Yudhiṣṭhira about the nature of the embodied self. He explains how cognition in embodied life depends on the indriyas, framing the metaphysical basis for restraint, detachment, and the pursuit of mokṣa.