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Shloka 11

धर्मलक्षण-प्रश्नः (Marks and Sources of Dharma) | Chapter 251: Inquiry into the Definition of Dharma

एकादशस्त्वनन्तात्मा स सर्व: पर उच्यते | व्यवसायात्तमिका बुद्धिर्मनो व्याकरणात्मकम्‌ | कर्मानुमानादू विज्ञेय: स जीव: क्षेत्रसंज़्क:

ekādaśas tv anantātmā sa sarvaḥ para ucyate | vyavasāyātmikā buddhir mano vyākaraṇātmakam | karmānumānād u vijñeyaḥ sa jīvaḥ kṣetrajña-saṃjñakaḥ avināśī ātmā ||

Vyāsa sprach: „Das elfte Prinzip ist das unendliche Selbst; es wird als die alles umfassende Wirklichkeit und als das Höchste bezeichnet. Der Intellekt (buddhi) ist seinem Wesen nach entschiedene Bestimmung, während der Geist (manas) als das Prinzip beschrieben wird, das analysiert und daher im Zweifel schwankt. Aus dem Schluss, der aus dem Handeln gezogen wird—denn Taten verlangen einen Wissenden und einen Handelnden—soll man erkennen, dass es ein unvergängliches Selbst gibt: das Lebewesen, genannt der ‚Kenner des Feldes‘ (kṣetrajña).“

एकादशःthe eleventh
एकादशः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएकादश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
अनन्तात्माthe infinite-self (one whose self is endless)
अनन्तात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनन्तात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe/that (one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वःall; the all (as a whole)
सर्वः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
परःsupreme; higher
परः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उच्यतेis said/called
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPresent, Passive, Third, Singular
व्यवसायात्from determination/decisive resolve
व्यवसायात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootव्यवसाय
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
आत्मिकाhaving the nature (of); consisting in
आत्मिका:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआत्मिक
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
बुद्धिःintellect
बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
मनःmind
मनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
व्याकरणात्मकम्of the nature of analysis/discrimination (lit. grammatical/analytical)
व्याकरणात्मकम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootव्याकरणात्मक
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
कर्मby action; through action
कर्म:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अनुमानात्from inference
अनुमानात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअनुमान
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
indeed/also (emphatic particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विज्ञेयःto be known; should be understood
विज्ञेयः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-ज्ञा
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Gerundive (तव्य/यत् sense: 'to be known')
सःhe/that (one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जीवःthe living being (jīva)
जीवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजीव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्षेत्रसंज्ञःcalled 'kṣetra' / having the designation 'kṣetra' (i.e., kṣetrajña-context epithet)
क्षेत्रसंज्ञः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षेत्रसंज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अविनाशीimperishable
अविनाशी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअविनाशिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आत्माself; soul
आत्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
Ā
Ātman
J
Jīva
K
Kṣetrajña
B
Buddhi
M
Manas
K
Karma

Educational Q&A

The verse distinguishes buddhi (decisive intellect) from manas (analytical, doubt-prone mind) and argues that action implies a conscious knower and agent; therefore an imperishable Self exists, called the kṣetrajña (knower of the field/body).

In the didactic discourse of Śānti Parva, Vyāsa continues a philosophical exposition on principles (tattvas), identifying the supreme eleventh principle as the infinite Self and explaining how reasoning from karma supports recognition of the kṣetrajña.