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Shloka 61

Śaraṇāgatapālana—Prastāvanā

Protection of the Refuge-Seeker: Opening of the Kapota Narrative

वधेन च मनुष्याणां मार्गाणां दूषणेन च । अगाराणां विनाशैश्व॒ परराष्ट्रं विनाशयेत्‌,“मनुष्योंका वध करके, सड़कें तोड़-फोड़कर और घरोंको नष्ट-भ्रष्ट करके शत्रुके राष्ट्रका विध्वंस करना चाहिये

vadhena ca manuṣyāṇāṁ mārgāṇāṁ dūṣaṇena ca | agārāṇāṁ vināśaiś ca pararāṣṭraṁ vināśayet ||

Bhīṣma sagt, ein feindliches Reich könne ins Verderben gestürzt werden, indem man seine Menschen tötet, seine Straßen und Wege beschädigt und entweiht und seine Häuser zerstört—Maßnahmen, die die soziale Ordnung des Gegners lähmen und seine Funktionsfähigkeit brechen. Die Aussage spiegelt eine harte, strategische Sicht auf den Krieg, in der die Schwächung von Infrastruktur und ziviler Stabilität als Mittel zum politischen Zusammenbruch gilt, und sie erzeugt eine scharfe ethische Spannung zu weiter gefassten Dharma-Lehren von Zurückhaltung und Schutz.

वधेनby killing / through slaughter
वधेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवध
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
मनुष्याणाम्of men / of people
मनुष्याणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
मार्गाणाम्of roads / routes
मार्गाणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootमार्ग
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
दूषणेनby defiling / by damaging
दूषणेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदूषण
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अगाराणाम्of houses / dwellings
अगाराणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअगार
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
विनाशैःby destructions / by ruinings
विनाशैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootविनाश
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
परराष्ट्रम्the enemy's kingdom / another's realm
परराष्ट्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपर-राष्ट्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विनाशयेत्should destroy
विनाशयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-नश्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
pararāṣṭra (enemy kingdom/state)
M
manuṣyāḥ (people)
M
mārga (roads/routes)
A
agāra (houses/dwellings)

Educational Q&A

The verse presents a severe rājadharma-style tactic: an enemy state can be crippled by targeting its population, transport routes, and housing—i.e., the human and infrastructural bases of governance and economy. It highlights the tension between pragmatic statecraft and ethical restraint within the broader Shānti Parva discussions.

Bhīṣma, instructing on kingship and policy in the Śānti Parva, describes methods by which a ruler might bring about the collapse of an opposing kingdom, emphasizing destructive measures against people and infrastructure as instruments of conquest.